航天飞行器结构应力腐蚀基因解析及应用  

Genetic analysis of stress corrosion cracking in spacecraft structure:engineering practice and enlightenment

作　　者：朱龙奎 ZHU Longkui(Beijing Institute of Structure&Environment Engineering,Beijing 100076,China)

机构地区：[1]北京强度环境研究所,北京100076

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2020年第2期203-208,共6页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(编号:51901024)。

摘　　要：应力腐蚀(SCC)是一种易引起航天飞行器结构无征兆事故的多因素耦合作用失效类型。为厘清SCC机理,文章从基因角度解析SCC的应力因子和微观因素,探索SCC基因测取方法和无SCC事故内涵。分析表明,SCC应力基因位于远低于σ_S的量值区间,其微观基因包括溶解阳极、氢、电负性离子、滑移位错、钝化膜和晶体取向,可采用多尺寸断裂形貌、化学浓度、电位/电流、应力/应变等参数测取SCC基因组态和SCC敏感性。基于SCC基因分析,航天飞行器结构设计寿命内无SCC事故原则应包括合理设计、精准评价和正确失效分析三部分。The stress corrosion cracking(SCC) is a multi-factor synergetic failure mode, apt to cause nonomen accidents of spacecraft structures. In this paper, the SCC stresses and related microscopic factors are analyzed from a genetic view to understand the SCC mechanisms, together with their measuring methods, and the connotation of no SCC accidents. It is indicated that the SCC stress value is far below σ_S, and the microscopic SCC genes consist of dissolving anodes, hydrogen, electronegative ions, slipping dislocation, passive films and crystallography. The measurement of the SCC gene configurations and the characterization of the SCC susceptibility can be made through the detection of the multi-size fracture or the cracking morphologies, the chemical concentrations, the electrical potentials or currents, and the stresses or strains. From the view point of the SCC genes, the principle of the SCC accidents in the designed service life of the spacecraft structures can be generally classified into three organically combined parts, including a reasonable design, an accurate evaluation,and a correct failure analysis.

关 键 词：应力腐蚀 航天飞行器 微观基因 SCC敏感性 无事故原则 

分 类 号：TG111.91[金属学及工艺—物理冶金]