自闭症儿童早期大脑过度发育的sMRI研究  

Early brain overgrowth in children with autism spectrum disorders based on structural magnetic resonance imaging

作　　者：刘阳 朱志军 曹满瑞 刘炳光 郭吉敏 万国斌 LIU Yang;ZHU Zhijun;CAO Manrui;LIU Bingguang;GUO Jimin;WAN Guobin(Department of Radiology,Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital,Southern Medical University,Shenzhen 518028,China;Department of Children Psychology,Affiliated Shenzhen Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital,Southern Medical University,Shenzhen 518028,China)

机构地区：[1]南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院放射科,深圳518028 [2]南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院儿童心理科,深圳518028

出　　处：《磁共振成像》2020年第4期264-269,共6页Chinese Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging

摘　　要：目的利用结构磁共振成像(structural MRI,sMRI)提取的区域特征来研究自闭症患者的大脑发育异常情况。材料与方法收集59例年龄2~4岁的自闭症儿童和50名年龄4~10岁的正常儿童的结构磁共振数据,利用freesurfer软件提取大脑皮层厚度、灰质和白质区域体积以及从预定义的感兴趣区域(region of interest,ROI)提取的若干皮层下结构等区域特征,最后经统计分析方法计算两组的差异。结果通过对150项脑皮层与体积指标进行t检验组分析,发现自闭症患儿与正常对照组在其中66项上存在显著差异(P<0.05),与年龄较大的正常发育中的儿童相比,自闭症儿童的大脑表现出明显的过度生长模式,特别是在顶叶、枕叶、额叶、颞叶和楔前叶等区域。结论本研究证实自闭症儿童存在大脑结构过度发育现象,增加的大脑尺寸是自闭症患儿早期大脑发育的重要结构特征,这将为自闭症的早期诊断和病情评估提供了有力工具。Objective:Autism spectrum disorders(ASD)is a severe and pervasive neurodevelopmental disorder.At present,the etiology of ASD is still an unsolved problem in the world of medicine,and remains poorly understood.In this study,regional features extracted by structural magnetic resonance imaging were used to study brain dysplasia in ASD.Materials and Methods:This study investigates brain developmental abnormalities in patients with ASD by utilizing regional features extracted from structural magnetic resonance imaging(sMRI).Regional features include cerebral cortex thickness,gray matter and white matter region volume,and several subcortical structures extracted from a predefined regions of interest(ROI).Results:Through the analysis of 150 items of cerebral cortex and volume by t test,this study found that there were significant differences in 66 items among children with ASD and the normal control group(P<0.05),and the brains of children with ASD showed significant patterns of excessive growth compared with older,normal-developing children,especially in the parietal,occipital,frontal,temporal and precuneus region.Conclusions:This study confirms the existence of over-development of brain structure in children with ASD.Increased brain size is an important structural feature of early brain development in children with ASD,which will provide a powerful tool for the early diagnosis and assessment of ASD.

关 键 词：自闭症谱系障碍 磁共振成像 过度生长 大脑皮层 

分 类 号：R445.2[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学] R749.94[医药卫生—诊断学]