微藻饵料对紫海胆浮游幼体生长及存活影响的研究  

Effects of dietary microalgae on growth and survival of larval development of sea urchin(Anthocidaris crassispina)

作　　者：席世改 秦传新[2] 马振华 于刚[2] 孙金辉[1] 潘菀倪 左涛 马鸿梅 朱文涛 XI Shigai;QIN Chuanxin;MA Zhenhua;YU Gang;SUN Jinhui;PAN Wanni;ZUO Tao;MA Hongmei;ZHU Wentao(Tianjin Agricultural University,Tianjin 300384,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Scientific Observing and experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources&Environment,Ministry of Agriculuture and Rural affairs/National Fishery Resources and Environment Dapeng Observation and Experimental Station/Key Laboratory of Marine Ranch Technology of Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences/Tropical Aquaculture Research and Development Center/Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute;Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China)

机构地区：[1]天津农学院,天津300384 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所/农业农村部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站/国家渔业资源环境大鹏观测实验站/中国水产科学研究院海洋牧场技术重点实验室/广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300 [3]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所热带水产研究开发中心/三亚热带水产研究院,海南三亚572018 [4]上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2020年第2期115-120,共6页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新”专项(2018YFD0901605);中国水产科学研究院中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助(2019ZD11)。

摘　　要：文章采用湛江叉鞭金藻(Dicrateria zhanjiangensis)、纤细角毛藻(Chaetoceros gracilis)、绿色巴夫藻(Pavlova viridis)、扁藻(Platymonas subcordiformis)、小球藻(Chlorella vulgaris)及混合藻(金藻和角毛藻1∶1混合)投喂紫海胆(Anthocidaris crassispina),研究了微藻饵料对紫海胆浮游幼体生长发育的影响。结果表明,不同饵料对紫海胆浮游幼体生长发育的效果有差异,金藻是最佳饵料品种,角毛藻次之,其后分别为巴夫藻、小球藻和混合藻,扁藻不适于作为紫海胆浮游幼体的开口饵料。就饵料种类而言,金藻作为紫海胆浮游幼体饵料的成活率可达(23.12±1.8)%,显著高于其他单胞藻类(P<0.05)。就发育速度而言,以角毛藻和金藻混合喂食的海胆浮游幼体整体发育速度最快,幼体平均体长为(885.25±30.49)μm,显著高于其他5种处理(P<0.05);投喂巴夫藻的浮游幼体前期生长较慢,体长为(337.98±24.56)μm,后期较其他单胞藻类生长快,体长可达(580±32.95)μm,适宜作为紫海胆浮游幼体后期饵料。To investigate the growth and survival of sea urchin(Anthocidaris crassispina)larvae,we fed six microalgal diets[Dicrateria zhanjiangensis,Chaetoceros gracilis,Pavlova viridis,Platymonas subcordiformis,Chlorella vulgaris,and mixture of C.gracilis and D.zhanjiangensis(1∶1)].The results show that different diets had different effects on the growth and development of the planktonic larvae of sea urchin.D.zhanjiangensis was the optimal microalgal diet.C.gracilis was the second,and then were P.viridis,C.vulgari,and mixture of C.gracilis and D.zhanjiangensis.However,P.subcordiformis was not suitable to be used as the opening bait for sea urchin larvae rearing.In terms of baits,D.zhanjiangensis was the best,since the survival rate of the larvae could reach(23.12±1.8)%,significantly higher than those of other unicellular algae(P<0.05).In terms of growth rate,mixture of C.gracilis and D.zhanjiangensis was the best,since the average length of the larvae could reach(885.25±30.49)μm,significantly higher than those of the other five treatments(P<0.05).The growth of the larvae fed with P.viridis was slow at early stage with body length of(337.98±24.56)μm,but it grew faster than the other unicellular algae at later stage with body length of(580±32.95)μm,so P.viridis is the suitable bait for planktonic larvae of A.crassispina at later stage.

关 键 词：紫海胆 微藻 生长发育 浮游幼体 

分 类 号：S968.9[农业科学—水产养殖]