我国燃煤电厂大气汞控制技术综合评估与对策探讨  

Comprehensive Evaluation and Countermeasures of Atmospheric Mercury Pollution Control Technology in Coal-Fired Power Plants

作　　者：任岩军[1] 张铮 何京东 郭凤艳 赵思岚 王鸣宇[1] 邓双[1] REN Yanjun;ZHANG Zheng;HE Jingdong;GUO Fengyan;ZHAO Silan;WANG Mingyu;DENG Shuang(Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;Go Higher Environment Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100085,China;Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100864,China;School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology,Beijing 100083,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,北京100012 [2]清大国华环境集团股份有限公司,北京100085 [3]中国科学院,北京100864 [4]中国矿业大学化学与环境工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第4期841-848,共8页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2016YFC0209201,2016YFC0208205)。

摘　　要：采用模糊综合评价法与层次分析法或专家判定法相结合,对我国燃煤电厂非常规污染物大气汞控制技术进行了综合评估,以筛选出最佳控制技术.建立了环境、经济和技术为一级指标的三层指标体系,共22个评价指标;初步筛选出洗选煤+烟气净化协同脱除技术、烟气净化协同脱除技术、烟气净化协同脱除技术+活性炭吸附技术等七项技术及技术组合并对其开展评估.结果表明:强调环境因素的层次分析法综合评估结果表明,超低排放协同脱除技术+活性炭吸附技术得分最高(0.7970),为最佳控制技术.而专家判定法与强调经济因素的层次分析法的综合评估结果一致,洗选煤+烟气净化协同脱除技术最具经济优势,是专家认可的最佳可用技术(BAT)和最佳环境实践(BEP).研究显示,我国现阶段可采用洗选煤+超低排放协同脱除技术对燃煤电厂的大气汞污染进行控制,但为达到发达国家的严格排放标准,必须采用超低排放协同脱除技术+活性炭吸附技术.To find out the optimal atmospheric control technology for mercury control in coal-fired power plants,the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation(FCE)method was combined with either analytic hierarchy process(AHP)or expert judgment method.A three-level evaluation index system consisting of 22 items with environmental,economic and technological indicators as the first level was constructed,and seven coal-fired power plant mercury pollution prevention technologies,or technology groups including coal washing technology+cooperative removal technology,cooperative removal technology,ultra-low emission synergy removal technology,collaborative removal technology+activated carbon adsorption technology and so on were examined.The comprehensive assessment results of AHP emphasized environment factors showed that the combination of ultra-low emission collaborative removal technology+activated carbon adsorption technology scored the highest(0.7970)and was the best control technology.The comprehensive results of the expert judgment method and AHP which emphasized economic factors indicated that the combination of coal washing+collaborative removal technology had the most economic advantages and also met the Best Available Techniques(BAT)and Best Environmental Practices(BET)criteria.At present,China can adopt coal washing+ultra-low emission collaborative removal technology to control atmospheric mercury pollution in coal-fired power plants,but in order to meet the developed countries′current emission standards,it is suggested to use the ultra-low emission collaborative removal technology+activated carbon adsorption technology to effectively control atmospheric mercury pollution in coal-fired power plants in China.

关 键 词：燃煤电厂 大气汞污染 技术综合评估 模糊综合评价法 控制对策 

分 类 号：X511[环境科学与工程—环境工程]