家具板材排放VOCs成分谱及排放因子研究  

Composition and Emission Factors of VOCs Released from Wood Based Panels

作　　者：李世杰 殷宝辉[1] 赵雪艳[1] 王静[1] 许海亚[2] 耿春梅[1] 白志鹏[1] LI Shijie;YIN Baohui;ZHAO Xueyan;WANG Jing;XU Haiya;GENG Chunmei;BAI Zhipeng(State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences,Beijing 100012,China;College of Geography and Environmental Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China)

机构地区：[1]中国环境科学研究院,环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [2]浙江师范大学地理与环境科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《环境科学研究》2020年第4期859-867,共9页Research of Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.41275135);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务专项(No.2018-YSKY-041)。

摘　　要：随着目前人们对室内空气质量要求的不断提高,家具板材作为影响室内空气质量的VOCs(挥发性有机物)排放源,也逐渐受到重视.采用500 L静态箱,使用PTR-TOF-MS(质子转移反应-飞行时间质谱)对市售六类家具板材排放的VOCs进行测定,分别进行排放速率与排放平衡试验得到板材的排放特征与排放成分谱,并估算其排放因子.结果表明:①集成材、胶合板、细木工板、刨花板、密度板、实木地板8 h排放的ρ(TVOC)(TVOC为总挥发性有机物,total volatile organic compound)平均值分别为0.76、0.39、0.42、0.68、0.17、0.23 mg/m^3,各类板材主要排放物种分别为甲苯、甲醛、甲醛、正壬烷、甲醇、甲醛,其质量浓度平均值分别为0.23、0.23、0.13、0.35、0.04、0.06 mg/m^3.②排放平衡试验中焕城胶合板、吉林松木集成材、凯越密度板及时代刨花板TVOC的排放因子分别为3.63、10.63、0.51、2.07 g/m^3.③板材排放VOCs成分谱中,焕城胶合板主要排放物种为丙烷、乙烷、甲醛、甲醇,其排放占比分别为18.57%、4.73%、19.74%、17.83%;吉林松木集成材主要排放物种为甲苯,其排放占比为43.27%;凯越密度板主要排放物种为乙烷与甲醛,其排放占比分别为26.44%、19.42%;时代刨花板主要排放物种为甲醛与甲醇,其排放占比分别为40.16%、31.55%.研究显示,各类板材VOCs排放特征、排放成分谱及排放因子均存在较大差异,部分板材VOCs排放量较大,需加强行业标准的规范化.Nowadays,people′s requirements for indoor air quality are constantly increasing.Wood based panels are a source of VOCs(volatile organic compounds)that affect indoor air quality and are also receiving attention.In this study,VOCs released from 6 types of wood based panels were measured by PTR-TOF-MS using a 500 L static box.Emission characteristics,emission component and emission factors are studied through the release rate and release equilibrium tests.The results showed that:(1)The averageρ(TVOC)in 8 h released from glulam,plywood,blockboard,particleboard,density fiberboard and solid wood floor was 0.76,0.39,0.42,0.68,0.17,0.23 mg/m^3,respectively.The main compounds released from those six types of panels were toluene,formaldehyde,formaldehyde,n-decane,methanol,formaldehyde respectively,and their mass concentrations were 0.23,0.23,0.13,0.35,0.04 and 0.06 mg/m^3.(2)In the release equilibrium experiment,the TVOC emission factors of Huancheng plywood,Jilin pine glulam,Kaiyue density fiberboard and Shidai particleboard were 3.63,10.63,0.51,2.07 g/m^3,respectively.(3)Among those VOC compounds released from the panels,Huancheng plywood mainly released propane,ethane,formaldehyde and methanol,accounting for 18.57%,4.73%,19.74%,17.83%.Jilin pine glulam mainly released toluene,accounting for 43.27%.The two highest compounds released from Kaiyue density fiberboard were ethane and formaldehyde,accounting for 26.44%and 19.42%.The Shidai particleboard mainly released formaldehyde and methanol,accounting for 40.16%and 31.55%.Large differences in emission characteristics,emission component and emission factors of VOCs were found among different types of wood based panels.The emission amount from some panels was quite large,and the standardization of industry standards needs to be strengthened.

关 键 词：家具板材 VOCS 排放因子 排放成分谱 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]