农药多菌灵降解菌的分离及其降解效能研究  

Isolation of Carbendazim-Degrading Bacteria and Its Degrading Efficiency

作　　者：冀玉良 刘明勤 齐家乐 JI Yu-liang;LIU Ming-qin;QI Jia-le(College of Biopharmaceutical and Food Engineering,Shangluo University,Shangluo 726000,Shaanxi)

机构地区：[1]商洛学院生物医药与食品工程学院,陕西商洛726000

出　　处：《商洛学院学报》2020年第2期1-7,24,共8页Journal of Shangluo University

基　　金：国家大学生创新创业训练计划项目(201911396015);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2019NY-203)。

摘　　要：采用唯一碳源富集培养和平板划线纯化法,从商州区刘湾长期使用多菌灵的连作蔬菜基地土壤中分离到1株能以多菌灵作为唯一碳氮源生长的细菌,命名为D-4,经形态观察、革兰氏染色,鉴定其为革兰氏阳性细菌。研究了该菌株的生理生化特性、生长和耐盐性、对多菌灵的降解能力以及不同条件对菌株降解多菌灵效果的影响。结果表明,在以100 mg·L^-1和200 mg·L^-1多菌灵为唯一碳氮源的基础盐培养基中培养5 d,菌株D-4对多菌灵的降解率分别达到81.37%和71.93%。该菌株生长和降解多菌灵的最适条件为pH值6.0,温度30℃,接种量5%。初始多菌灵浓度越高,开始时菌株D-4对多菌灵降解率越低,但随着时间延长,降解率逐步升高。添加少量葡萄糖、酵母浸提液作额外碳氮源时可促进菌株D-4对多菌灵的降解,与不添加额外碳氮源相比降解率提高了18.33%。研究还发现该菌株对农业上常用的其他6种农药也具有耐受性。研究结果为多菌灵污染土壤的生物修复提供了材料和理论依据。A bacterial strain D-4,capable of utilizing carbendazim as sole carbon and nitrogen source,was isolated via sole carbon source plate screening method from Liuwan vegetable base of Shangzhou district.Through morphological observation and Gram staining,this strain was identified as Gram-positive bacteria,named as D-4.The physiological and biochemical characteristics,growth and salt tolerance of the strain D-4,the ability to degrade carbendazim,and the effects of different conditions on the biodegradation efficiency of carbendazim by strain D-4 were investigated.The results showed that when cultured in basal salt medium with 100 mg·L^-1 and 200 mg·L^-1 carbendazim as the sole carbon and nitrogen source for 5 d,the degradation rates of strain D-4 to carbendazim reached 81.37%and 71.93%,respectively.The optimal pH,temperature and inoculation amount for the degradation were 6.0,30℃and 5%,respectively.The higher the initial concentration of carbendazim,the lower the degradation rate of carbendazim by strain D-4 at the beginning,but the degradation rate gradually increased with time.The addition of a small amount of glucose and yeast extract as an additional carbon and nitrogen source can promote the degradation of carbendazim by strain D-4,and the degradation rate is increased by 18.33%compared with the absence of additional carbon and nitrogen sources.The study also found that the strain was also resistant to six other pesticides commonly used in agriculture.These results provided a rationale and a material for bio-remediaton of long-term carbendazion-contaminated soil.

关 键 词：多菌灵降解菌 分离筛选 降解特性 

分 类 号：F592[经济管理—旅游管理]