昆明市晋宁区(2014~2018)年性传播性疾病流行特征及病例空间聚集分析  

Analysis on the prevalence characteristics and spatial cluster of sexually transmitted diseases in Jinning District, Kunming City from 2014 to 2018

作　　者：陈红 黄华芬 刘淮[2] 黄津 张皓明[2] CHEN Hong;HUANG Hua-fen;LIU Huai;HUANG Jin;ZHANG Hao-ming(Disease Prevention and Control Center of Jinning District,Kunming,Yunnan 650500;Disease Prevention and Control Center of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan 650022)

机构地区：[1]昆明市晋宁区疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650500 [2]云南省疾病预防控制中心,云南昆明650022

出　　处：《皮肤病与性病》2020年第2期173-176,共4页Dermatology and Venereology

摘　　要：目的了解昆明市晋宁区近5年性病流行状况,为该地区性病防制提供参考依据。方法对晋宁区(2014~2018)年报告的梅毒、淋病、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹以及生殖道沙眼衣原体病例进行回顾性流行病学研究,并对病例空间分布作分析。结果 (2014~2018)年晋宁区共报告性传播性疾病病例673例,年平均报告发病率为44.4/10万,发病率呈波动下降。梅毒、淋病、尖锐湿疣、生殖器疱疹以及生殖道沙眼衣原体平均发病率分别为29.50/10万、4.60/10万、6.30/10万、1.50/10万及2.60/10万,其中梅毒病例占比最大,为66.42%,且发病率下降明显(χ^2趋势=8.103,P=0.004)。病例平均年龄为(39.54±16.86)岁,高发年龄为(20~50)岁,(10~20)岁占比呈逐年上升,60岁以上逐年下降。职业第一位为农民,占58.99%,家务/待业及学生人群占比逐年增高。全区乡镇均有病例分布,累计病例与历年病例均集中分布在晋城镇与昆阳镇,累计与历年病例分布均无空间聚集性。结论晋宁区性传播性疾病疫情呈一般水平流行,梅毒防制取得了一定成效,学生群体及待业人群应引起重视,病例集中分布区域为主要防制区域。Objective To investigate the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases in Jinning district, Kunming city in recent 5 years, and to provide reference for venereal disease prevention and control in this area. MethodsA retrospective epidemiological study was conducted on the cases of syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes and genital chlamydia trachomatis reported in Jinning district from 2014 to 2018, and the spatial distribution of the cases was analyzed. Results From 2014 to 2018, a total of 673 cases of venereal diseases were reported in Jinning district, with an average annual incidence of 44.4/100,000, and the incidence fluctuated. The average incidence of syphilis, gonorrhea, condyloma acuminatum, genital herpes and chlamydia trachomatis was 29.5/100,000, 4.60/100,000, 6.30/100,000, 1.50/100,000 and 2.60/100,000, respectively, with the largest proportion of syphilis(66.42%),and the incidence decreased significantly(χ^2 trend=8.103,P=0.004). The mean age of the cases was(39.54±16.86) years old. The age group with high incidence is 20 ~ 50 years old, and the proportion of 10 ~ 20 years old is increasing year by year, while the age group above 60 years old is decreasing year by year. The first occupation is the farmer accounting for 58.99%, and the proportion of household chores and students increased year by year. The cases were distributed in towns and villages of the whole region, and the accumulative cases and past cases were concentrated in Jincheng town and Kunyang town. ConclusionThe epidemic situation of sexual diseases in Jinning district is relatively low, and the prevention and control of syphilis has achieved certain results. Attention should be paid to the students and unemployed people, and the concentrated distribution of cases is the main control area.

关 键 词：性传播性疾病 流行特征 空间分布 空间聚集 

分 类 号：R181.81[医药卫生—流行病学] R759[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]