公共利益观的当代法治意蕴及其实现路径  

The Connotation of the Contemporary Rule of Law in the View of Public Interest and its Realization Path

作　　者：高志宏[1] Gao Zhihong

机构地区：[1]南京航空航天大学人文与社会科学学院

出　　处：《政法论坛》2020年第2期20-33,共14页Tribune of Political Science and Law

基　　金：国家社科基金项目《公共利益的立法表达与司法考量研究》(19BFX001)阶段成果之一。

摘　　要：在我国社会转型期,利益观呈现出纷繁交织、复杂多样的现实图景,存在多种错误的认识倾向。树立科学公共利益观是化解利益冲突的观念先导,是构建公共利益法律制度的思想基础。科学公共利益观倡导不同利益的多元共生,主张公共利益与其他利益保持适度张力。公共利益的独立推动了法律本位的演进,公共利益通常是法律保留事项,科学公共利益观亦有了特殊的法治意蕴。公共利益的规范化、类型化、层次化和体系化是完善我国公共利益立法的应有之义。行政决策应以追求公共利益最大化为目标,应更加注重市场机制和非营利性组织机制的作用,严格遵循价值位阶原则、比例原则、正当程序原则等法治原则。我国公共利益司法保护机制虽已基本确立,但仍应进一步拓展公益诉讼原告主体资格范围,拓宽公益诉讼受案范围,扩展公益诉讼裁决效力,强化公益诉讼责任衔接。In the period of social transformation in our country, the concept of interests presents a complicated and diverse picture of reality, and there are many misunderstandings. Establishing a scientific public interest view is a conceptual guide to resolve conflicts of interest and is the ideological basis for constructing a public interest legal system. The scientific public interest concept advocates the pluralistic symbiosis of different interests and advocates maintaining a moderate tension between the public interest and other interests. The independence of public interest promotes the evolution of the legal standard. The public interest is usually a legal reservation, and the scientific public interest concept also has a special meaning of the rule of law. The standardization, type, hierarchy and systemization of public interest is the proper meaning of perfecting the legislation of public interest in China. Administrative decision-making should aim at maximizing the public interest. It should pay more attention to the role of market mechanism and non-profit organization mechanism, and strictly follow the principles of the rule of law such as the principle of value hierarchy, the principle of proportionality, and the principle of due process. Although the judicial protection mechanism for public interest in China has been basically established, it should further expand the scope of the main body of the plaintiff in public interest litigation, broaden the scope of public interest litigation, expand the effectiveness of the public litigation award, and strengthen the connection of public interest litigation.

关 键 词：公共利益观 法律保留 价值位阶原则 公益诉讼 

分 类 号：D920.0[政治法律—法学]