汉语作为第二语言的非母语口音评估研究  

A study of Assessment of Non-native Accents in Chinese as a Second Language

作　　者：陈默[1] 冯沫悦 Chen Mo;Feng Moyue

机构地区：[1]北京语言大学汉语国际教育研究院/汉语进修学院 [2]北京市东城区市场监督管理局

出　　处：《世界汉语教学》2020年第2期260-274,共15页Chinese Teaching in the World

基　　金：北京市社会科学基金重点项目(15WYA008);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“面向汉语国际教育的基础研究成果的转化与应用”(项目编号1655D740003);北京语言大学一流学科团队支持计划(JC201907);北京语言大学校级项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,项目编号18PT01);北京语言大学院级项目(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金,项目编号19YJ010202)资助。

摘　　要：非母语口音在第二语言学习者中普遍存在,对言语交流是否能顺利进行具有十分重要的影响。本研究基于两个实验着重考察影响汉语非母语口音评估的两个因素:评估者语言学经验和发音人第一语言。研究结果表明:(1)评估者的汉语语言学经验对口音评估影响显著。从评估者的一致性来看,语言学经验贫乏的汉语母语者最低,其次是语言学经验丰富的汉语母语者,高级水平俄语母语者最高。而且,评估者的汉语语言学经验跟发音人汉语熟练度之间存在一定的交互作用。(2)发音人第一语言对汉语非母语口音评估影响显著,这种影响会受发音人熟练度的调节。乌尔都语母语者和日语母语者的口音评估受熟练度影响较小,前者口音最重,后者口音最轻。英语、俄语和泰语母语者的口音评估受熟练度的影响较大,俄语母语者口音改善程度最大,其次是英语母语者,泰语母语者的口音改善程度较小。Non-native accents are ubiquitous among second language learners,which has a very important influence on whether speech communication can be carried out smoothly.Based on two experiments,this study focuses on two factors affecting the assessment of Chinese as an L2 non-native accent:assessor’s linguistic experience and speaker’s first language.The results show that:(1)the assessor’s Chinese linguistic experience has a significant impact on accent assessment.In terms of assessor consistency,the Chinese native speakers with poor linguistic experience are the lowest,followed by the Chinese native speakers with rich linguistic experience,and the Russian native speakers with an advanced level of Chinese proficiency are the highest.Moreover,there is a certain interaction between the assessor’s Chinese linguistic experience and the speaker’s Chinese proficiency.(2)The speaker’s first language has a significant influence on the assessment of Chinese non-native accent,which is regulated by the speaker’s proficiency.The proficiency of Urdu native speakers and Japanese native speakers has less influence on their accent assessment,the former being the heaviest and the latter the lightest.The proficiency of native speakers of English,Russian and Thai has a great influence on the assessment of their accents.The improvement in accents is the greatest among the native speakers of Russian,followed by the native speakers of English,and Thai native speakers show less improvement in their accent.

关 键 词：第二语言 非母语口音评估 评估者语言学经验 发音人第一语言 

分 类 号：H195[语言文字—汉语]