农田N2O排放时空格局的形成机理和全球评估  

Spatiotemporal pattern of cropland nitrous oxide emissions:Driving factors and global assessment

作　　者：周丰[1,2] 崔晓庆 尚子吟 王琪慧 ZHOU Feng;CUI Xiao-qing;SHANG Zi-yin;WANG Qi-hui(College of Urban and Environmental Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China;Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes,Pe king University,Beijing 100871,China;Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen AB243UU,UK)

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京100871 [2]北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [3]Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences,University of Aberdeen,Aberdeen AB243UU,UK

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2020年第4期680-690,共11页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41671464)。

摘　　要：准确理解全球农田氧化亚氮(N2O)排放时空格局是制定区域或全球N2O减排战略的科学基础。过去40年,国内外在农田N2O排放时空格局的形成机理和全球评估方面开展了大量研究。结合国内外现有实证研究进展,本文梳理了气候、土壤、农艺管理措施对农田N2O排放的空间格局和时间变化的多尺度影响,介绍了最新的排放因子、陆面过程模型、大气反演、升尺度等多模型方法及其全球评估成果。同时,提出了跨区域/样带观测、极端气候控制试验、陆面过程模型的区域预测能力、模型-数据融合系统等未来研究挑战,为推动全球氮循环的科学评估和气候智能型农业的国家建设提供科技支撑。The understanding of the spatiotemporal pattern of global cropland nitrous oxide emissions is critical foundation for designing mitigation strategies.In the past four decades,there were many studies that had focused on the underlying mechanisms and global assess ment of global cropland nitrous oxide emissions.Here,the authors summarized previous studies related the scaling effects of climate,soil conditions,and agricultural management practices on the spatiotemporal pattern of global cropland nitrous oxide emissions.The authors in troduced the research progress on multi-model ensembles(emission factor,land surface models,atmospheric inversion,and flux upscaling)and their application for global and regional assessment.Finally,the authors identified the research challenges on inter-regional observa tions,manipulative experiments related to extreme climate events,regional predictability of land surface models,and model-data assimila tion.Addressing these challenges will enhance our mechanistic understanding of global nitrogen cycle and provide scientific supports for development of climate-smart agriculture.

关 键 词：氧化亚氮 农田生态系统 地域分异规律 驱动因素 模型模拟 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]