β淀粉样蛋白在胞内的生成和代谢  

Intracellular Production and Metabolism ofβ-Amyloid

作　　者：石镜明 段红玉 张洁 孙正启 SHI Jingming;DUAN Hongyu;ZHANG Jie;SUN Zhengqi(Teaching and Research Department of Morphology,School of Basic Medicine,Xizang Minzu University,Xianyang 712082,China;Department Two of Endocrinology,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital,Xianyang 712000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏民族大学基础医学院形态学教研室,陕西咸阳712082 [2]陕西中医药大学附属医院内分泌二科,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《医学综述》2020年第8期1477-1481,1488,共6页Medical Recapitulate

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31660243);陕西省教育厅2018年度专项科学研究项目(18JK1180)。

摘　　要：β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)的产生和代谢是阿尔茨海默病(AD)病因的重要事件,因此,通过分析Aβ肽可能产生的亚细胞部位和代谢途径,包括β和γ两种水解酶产生和活性部位,可知Aβ在亚细胞内的代谢途径以及Aβ在动物细胞和神经元中的代谢差异。此外,在无极性的哺乳动物细胞内Aβ最可能产生的部位很可能是内涵体、溶酶体或质膜,Aβ产生后可通过泡吐作用分泌到胞外。神经元产生的Aβ需要通过树突和轴突末梢的囊泡分泌到胞外。这些结果将帮助人们更好地理解Aβ在胞内的产生和代谢途径。The production and metabolism ofβ-amyloid(Aβ)is an important event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer′s disease(AD).Therefore,by analyzing the possible subcellular sites and metabolic pathways of Aβ,including the production and active sites ofβ-andγ-hydrolases,we can know the subcellular metabolic pathways of Aβand the metabolic differences of Aβin animal cells and neurons.In addition,the most likely site of Aβproduction in nonpolar mammalian cells is located in the endoplasmic body,lysosome or plasma membrane,and is secreted to the extracellular medium through vesiculation.The Aβproduced by neurons needs to be secreted out of the cell through the vesicles at the end of dendrites and axons.These results will contribute to better understanding of the intracellular production and metabolism of Aβ.

关 键 词：Β-淀粉样前体蛋白 Β-淀粉样蛋白 分泌酶 内涵体 

分 类 号：Q518.4[生物学—生物化学]