谣言政治与文化运作——以上海光复前后的《时事新报》和商务印书馆为例  

The Rumor Politics and Cultural Operation--Take the China Times and the Commercial Press around the Restoration of Shanghai as Examples

作　　者：陈捷[1] CHEN Jie

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学艺文部,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《学术月刊》2020年第4期169-184,共16页Academic Monthly

基　　金：2017年度江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目“《时事新报·学灯》与五四新文化运动”(2017ZDIXM091)资助〕。

摘　　要：作为清末立宪政治团体预备立宪公会机关报的《时事新报》,在张元济、汪诒年的带领下,原本是为了灌输国民政法知识、预备立宪而创设的。但是在武昌首义的革命风潮影响下,随着张謇、张元济等人思想观念的转变以及立宪党人内部的分裂,它与沪上其他报纸一道积极投身革命宣传以激荡风潮,尤其是与商务印书馆合作编辑出版了《革命文牍类编》《中国革命记》《革命党小传》等大量的书籍、期刊,在当时产生了很大的社会影响。而考察这些文化生产背后的种种因素,除了与立宪党人思想倾向革命、沪上政治氛围浓厚有关之外,时事新报馆和商务印书馆当时面临革命党人的谣言政治的压力,是必须要予以充分考量的。在谣言充斥的革命压力铸就的舆论生态中,时事新报馆和商务印书馆通过自身的文化生产不但证明了自身的政治立场和革命倾向,而且化解了革命党人的谣言政治带来的巨大压力。Under the leadership of Zhang Yuanji and Wang Yinian,the China Times(《时事新报》)was originally created to inculcate the knowledge of national politics and law and prepare for constitutionalism in late Qing Dynasty.However,under the influence of Wuchang Uprising,with the change of mind of Zhang Jian,Zhang Yuanji and other people and the internal division of the Constitutional Party,it was one of the newspapers in Shanghai which actively participated in the revolutionary propaganda to stir up the revolutionary tide,especially cooperated with the Commercial Press to edit and publish a large number of books and periodicals,such as Revolutionary Documents,Chinese Revolutionary Records and Revolutionary Party Biography,which had a great social impact at that time.In addition to the ideological revolutionary tendency of the Constitutional Party and the strong political atmosphere in Shanghai,it is necessary to give full consideration to the pressure of the rumor politics put by revolutionary party on the China Times and Commercial Press at that time.In the press ecology created by the revolutionary pressure,the China Times and Commercial Press not only proved their political posturing and revolutionary tendency through their own cultural operation,but also relieved the huge pressure brought by the rumor politics of the revolutionaries.

关 键 词：谣言政治 文化运作 《时事新报》 张元济 商务印书馆 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]