刑法休眠条款与有限授权的刑事司法能动——以重构法条竞合的特别关系为视点  

The Activism of Criminal Justice between the Dormant Clauses of Criminal Law and the Limited Authorization——In the Perspective of the Reconstruction of the Special Relationship of Concurrence of Articles of Law

作　　者：黄京平[1] HUANG Jing-ping(Law School of Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872,China)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《北京联合大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2020年第2期55-77,共23页Journal of Beijing Union University(Humanities and Social Sciences)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“刑事政策实现效果评估体系研究”(项目编号:15BFX085)。

摘　　要：以重新建构法条关系的方式,激活刑法休眠条款,是刑事司法解释习惯使用的技术,也是刑事司法能动的重要实践形态。通过一般法条的适用实现特别法条的规制功能,间接地激活休眠条款,是这种技术的关键。在特定领域,早期采用司法准入指令方式激活休眠条款,不符合形式法治的基本要求。相对成熟的刑事司法能动,采用刑事一体化的解决方案,弃用非法经营罪的兜底条款,以新的制度资源构建法条关系。合理的刑事司法能动,以宪法性法律和实定法属性的刑事政策为依据,是中国特色有限授权的刑事司法能动。以宪法性法律为依据的《刑法》第13条规定,实际已将刑事政策作为司法参与犯罪规模控制必须考量的实定法因素,其最重要的司法功能,就是授权最高司法机关以司法解释的形式参与犯罪规模的控制。立法与司法协同控制犯罪规模的体系,具有宪法和刑法的合法根据。在普遍规定罪量要素的刑法体系中,应当区别(特别关系的)法条竞合、法条竞合犯与亚型法条竞合犯的概念和法条适用规则。法条竞合犯,是一个注入中国元素的概念,它对重构法条竞合的特别关系及相应的司法适用,具有不可或缺的释义学功能。It is the customary technique of criminal justice interpretation,as well as an important practical form that activate the dormant clauses of criminal law by reconstructing the relationship between articles of law.It is the key element of this technology to realize the regulation function of special laws through the application of general laws,indirectly activating the dormant clauses.That to say,in specific areas,we always take the adoption of judicial access to direct the activation of the dormant provisions,but it actually fails to meet the basic requirements of formal rules of law.The relatively mature activism of criminal justice is taking the adoption of the solution of criminal integration with the new institutional resources to build a legal relationship,while abandoning the universal applicable clauses such as illegal business operation.The reasonable criminal justice activism is the limited authorization of criminal justice activism with Chinese characteristics which should be based on the constitutional laws and criminal policies of the nature of actual law.The Article 13 of the criminal law,being based on the constitutional law,stipulates that the criminal policy has actually been taken into account as the actual law factors when the judiciary participates in the control of crime scale.The most important judicial function is to authorize the supreme judicial organs to participate in the control of crime scale in the form of judicial interpretation.The system of legislation and judicature which control the crime scale interworkingly has the legal basis of constitution and criminal law.In the criminal law system that generally prescribes the synthesis of qualitative and quantitative elements of crime,it is necessary to distinguish the concepts and applications of the concurrence of articles of law,the statutes’joinder of offenses and the subtype of statutes’joinder of offenses.The statutes’joinder of offenses is a concept with Chinese elements which has the indispensable hermeneutic function to rec

关 键 词：刑法休眠条款 刑事司法能动 司法准入指令 《刑法》第13条 法条竞合犯 刑事政策刑法化 

分 类 号：D924[政治法律—刑法学]