嫦娥四号着陆器同位素温差电池设计与验证  

Design and verification of radioisotope thermoelectric generator for Chang’e-4 lander

作　　者：彭磊[1] 侯旭峰[1] 阎勇[1] 张丽丽[1] PENG Lei;HOU Xu-feng;YAN Yong;ZHANG Li-li(Tianjin Institute of Power Sources,Tianjin 300384,China)

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所,天津300384

出　　处：《电源技术》2020年第4期607-612,共6页Chinese Journal of Power Sources

摘　　要：嫦娥四号着陆器同位素温差电池是我国首个成功在航天器上应用的同位素电源,可为着陆器两相流体回路提供热能,并为原位月夜温度采集提供电能。同位素温差电池解决了温度和力学环境条件严酷、安装操作条件复杂、装配集成涉及电离辐射等难题,采用238Pu密封同位素热源、平面式PbSnTe/PbTe温差电换能器、耐压密封外壳,开发了适应月面环境的同位素温差电池设计制造技术,圆满完成了为两相流体回路供热并为月夜温度采集器供电的任务。对同位素温差电池的设计约束、最终方案及试验验证情况进行了介绍。Radioisotope thermoelectric generator for Chang’e-4 lander is the first radioisotope power source applied to a Chinese spacecraft.The generator can supply heat for a two-phase thermosyphon of the lander and supply electrical power for in-situ lunar night temperature acquisition.This generator resolves the difficulties including harsh thermal and mechanical environments,complex mounting and operating conditions,and assembly and integration process involving ionizing radiation.A 238Pu sealed radioisotope heat source,a planar PbSnTe/PbTe thermoelectric convertor,a pressurized hermetical outer shell were adopted.The design and manufacturing technologies of radioisotope thermoelectric generator for lunar surface were developed.The generator supplied thermal and electrical power successfully on lunar surface and met the mission requirements.The design constraints,the final scheme and test verifications of the generator were introduced in this paper.

关 键 词：同位素温差电池 温差电换能器 月球探测 试验验证 

分 类 号：TM913[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]