上海郊区小麦赤霉病菌多菌灵抗性群体动态的研究  

Dynamics of carbendazim resistant population of wheat scab isolates in Shanghai suburb

作　　者：张穗[1] 陈伟[1] 王东[2] 朱洪彩 程欢欢 ZHANG Sui;CHEN Wei;WANG Dong;ZHU Hongcai;CHENG Huanhuan(Eco-Enviromental Protection Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai Key Lab of Protected Horticultural Technology,Shanghai 201403,China;Shandong University of Technology,Zibo 255000,China;Anshun College,Anshun 561000,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院生态环境保护研究所,上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201106 [2]山东理工大学,淄博255000 [3]贵州安顺学院,安顺561000

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2020年第2期120-124,共5页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目[沪农科攻字(2013)第5-4号]。

摘　　要：2013-2015年采集来自上海郊区8个区(崇明、金山、奉贤、松江、宝山、嘉定、青浦、浦东)的小麦赤霉病菌(Fusarium spp.) 233株,其中对多菌灵敏感的菌株207株,占总菌株数的88. 84%;抗药性菌株26株,占总菌株数的11. 16%,且均为超高抗药菌株。从分布上看,除奉贤区尚未出现抗药性菌株外,金山和崇明的抗性菌株出现的平均频率较低,分别为4. 55%和8. 22%;其次是浦东和青浦,频率分别为10. 91%和12. 50%;松江、宝山和嘉定抗性菌株出现的平均频率较高,分别为20%、27. 27%和28. 57%。室内毒力测定结果表明,2013、2014、2015年上海郊区对多菌灵敏感的小麦赤霉病菌株的平均EC50值依次为(0. 463 1±0. 033 7)μg/mL、(0. 251 6±0. 038 4)μg/mL、(0. 130 9±0. 013 8)μg/mL,呈逐年下降趋势。2013年和2014年抗性菌株的平均EC50值分别为(10. 650 5±1. 413 7)μg/mL和(12. 303 4±0. 626 3)μg/mL,但2015年抗性菌株EC50平均值达到(20. 530 1±1. 823 0)μg/mL,较前两年的抗性水平有明显的升高(达到高水平抗性)。2014和2015年上海郊区赤霉菌抗药性菌株出现的频率明显增高,分别达到了11. 61%和15. 38%。对来自同一病穗的不同分离菌的抗性检测结果表明,上海郊区分离的抗药菌株的抗性较高且具有群体遗传的稳定性。小麦赤霉病菌对多菌灵抗药性发生频率的增高与秸秆还田年限增加呈现出正相关性。建议加强麦类赤霉病菌抗药菌群发生动态的监测与防控力度。Two hundred and thirty-three strains of wheat scab isolates were collected from 8 districts(Chongming,Fengxian,Songjiang,Jinshan,Baoshan,Jiading,Qingpu,Pudong)in Shanghai suburbs from 2013 to 2015.Two hundred and seven isolates of them were sensitive to carbendazim,accounting for 88.84%of the total isolates,other 26 strains to the fungicide,which belonged to high resistant strains,accounting for 11.16%of the total isolates.From the distribution,Fengxian District had not yet appeared resistant strains;resistant strains of Jinshan and Chongming at lower occurrence frequencies,was 4.55%and 8.22%,respectively;followed by Pudong and Qingpu,was 10.91%and 12.50%,respectively;Songjiang,Baoshan and Jiading with higher frequency of resistant strains,was 20%,27.27%and 28.57%,respectively.Bioassay results showed that average EC50 of carbendazim sensitive strains of Fusarium spp.was(0.4631±0.0337)μg/mL,(0.2516±0.0384)μg/mL,(0.1309±0.0138)μg/mL in Shanghai suburb in 2013,2014 and 2015,respectively.Average EC50 of the resistant strains was(10.6505±1.4137)μg/mL and(12.3034±0.6263)μg/mL in 2013 and 2014,but averaged EC50 of the resistant strains was(20.5301±1.8230)μg/mL in 2015,the resistance significantly increased compared with the previous two years(high level of resistance).The isolates frequency significantly increased 11.61%and 15.38%in 2014 and 2015,respectively.The results of resistance detection of different isolates from the same ear of wheat showed the stability of the resistant population.Both the increase of the frequency of the wheat scab to the fungicide resistance and the increase of the number of straw returning to the field showed a positive correlation.It should be paid great attention to agricultural production department,and to strengthen the monitoring and control of wheat scab.

关 键 词：小麦赤霉病菌 多菌灵 抗药性 上海郊区 

分 类 号：S435.121.45[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]