夏季珠江口水域营养盐分布特征及其富营养化评价  

Nutrient Dynamics in Pearl River Estuary and Their Eutrophication Evaluation

作　　者：曾丹娜 牛丽霞 陶伟[5] 傅林曦 杨清书 ZENG Dan-na;NIU Li-xia;TAO Wei;FU Lin-xi;YANG Qing-shu(School of Marine Sciences,Sun Yat-sen University;School of Marine Engineering and Technology,Sun Yat-sen University,Zhuhai 519082,China;Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center of Coasts,Islands and Reefs,Guangzhou 510275,China;Southern Laboratory of Ocean Science and Engineering,Zhuhai 519082,China;South China Sea Environmental Monitoring Center of State Oceanic Administration,Guangzhou 510310,China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学海洋科学学院,广东珠海519082 [2]中山大学海洋工程与技术学院,广东珠海519082 [3]广东省海岸与岛礁工程技术研究中心,广东广州510006 [4]南方海洋实验室,广东珠海519000 [5]国家海洋局南海环境监测中心,广东广州510310

出　　处：《广东海洋大学学报》2020年第3期73-82,共10页Journal of Guangdong Ocean University

基　　金：中国近岸海域生态环境监控区河口海洋环境质量综合评价方法(DOMEP(MEA)-01-03);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51709289)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究夏季珠江口水域氮、磷营养盐的时空变化特征及其富营养化水平。【方法】基于珠江口水域2006-2010年夏季水文水质多要素观测资料,采用Pearson相关分析法,分析水文泥沙对氮、磷等营养盐的的驱动作用,评价该水域富营养化状况并阐明其主要环境问题。【结果】珠江口水域环境因子区域分布差异显著,其中营养盐(氮、磷等)和悬浮泥沙均表现为由口门向口外递减,而盐度则表现为相反的趋势。无机氮以硝氮为主,亚硝氮次之,氨氮含量最低。【结论】径流输入、盐淡水混合稀释作用和悬浮泥沙的吸附/解吸作用共同影响着氮、磷营养盐的分布。氮磷比值分析说明,珠江口浮游植物生长主要表现为潜在性的磷限制。珠江口水域海洋环境重度及严重富营养化(E>5)主要集中在口门至内伶仃岛海域,主要环境问题为水质污染,且氮、磷营养盐和溶解氧为主要贡献因子。【Objective】To analyze the spatial and temporal characteristics of dissolved nutrients and their eutrophication levels in the Pearl River estuary(PRE)in summer.【Method】Using Pearson correlation method,this study investigate the spatiotemporal variability of dissolved nutrients(e.g.,DIN,PO4)and physical factors such as hydrology and suspended sediment(SPM)with data from 2006 to 2010 in the PRE,south China.【Result】Significant changes in environmental variables were detected in spatial and temporal scales.The levels of nutrients and SPM gradually declined from the estuary to the open sea,while a contrary trend was shown for salinity.DIN was mainly composed of nitrate(NO3-N),followed by nitrite(NO2-N),and then ammonium(NH4-N).【Conclusion】The nutrient levels were co-controlled both by the riverine input,diluting-mixing process,and absorption/desorption of SPM.The values of N/P indicated a potential P-limitation for phytoplankton growth.Particularly,the severe eutrophication(E>5)appeared in the water bodies between the river mouth and inner Lingding island.The major contributors were dissolved nutrients and oxygen.

关 键 词：珠江口 无机氮 磷酸盐 富营养化 水环境健康指数 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学] X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]