红掌大小孢子发生与雌雄配子体发育  

Sporogenesis and Gametogenesis of Anthurium andraeanum

作　　者：李心[1] 杨柳燕[1] 顾俊杰 张栋梁 张永春[1] 任小平 LI Xin;YANG Liu-yan;GU Jun-jie(Forest&Fruit Tree Research Institute,Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Shanghai 201403;Shanghai Flower Port Enterprise Development Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 201303)

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院林木果树研究所,上海201403 [2]上海鲜花港企业发展有限公司,上海201303 [3]上海瀛凡庙果蔬专业合作社,上海202153

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2020年第8期47-50,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：上海市农委农业基础研究项目[沪农科攻字(2014)第7-2-3号]。

摘　　要：选用石蜡切片法观察了红掌品种Pandola的大小孢子发生及雌雄配子体发育过程。研究结果表明,红掌子房为二心皮、二心室,每个子房有2个直生胚珠,胚珠为双珠被,厚珠心,胚囊发育为廖型胚囊,成熟胚囊为八核七细胞胚囊,包括2个助细胞、1个卵细胞、2个极核、3个反足细胞,其中反足细胞有退化趋势;红掌花药4室,每侧有2个花粉囊,花药壁从外至内由表皮、药室内壁、中层和绒毡层组成,绒毡层为变形绒毡层类型,小孢子减数分裂类型为连续型,成熟花粉为2-细胞型花粉粒;红掌大小孢子与雌雄配子体发育状态可以由花梗与叶柄的长度比、苞片与花梗的夹角和苞片的颜色来辅助判断。Sporogenesis and gametogenesis of Anthurium andraeanum cv.Pandola were investigated by techniques of paraffin sections.The main results are as follows:The ovary of A.andraeanum is bicarpellary and bilocular.Each ovary has two orthotropous ovules,which is bitegmic and crassinucellate.The development of embryo sac is of an Polygonum type.The mature embryo sac is 7-celled and 8-nucleate type,including two synergids,one egg cell,two polar nucleis and three antipodal cells,and the antipodal cells have a degradation trend.The anthers of A.andraeanum are tetrasporangiate.Each side has two sporangials.The anther wall is composed of epidermis,endothecium,middle layer,tapetum from outside to inside.The tapetum belongs to a deformation type.The cytokinesis in the microsporocyte meiosis is successive,and the mature pollen grains are 2-celled.The stage of sporogenesis and gametogenesis of A.andraeanum can be inferred by the length ratio of pedicel to petiole,the angle between bract and pedicel and the color of bract.

关 键 词：红掌 孢子体发生 配子体发育 石蜡切片 

分 类 号：S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]