论复杂社会法律与道德的关系——哈贝马斯关于破解西方法治国危机的思考  

Relationship Between Law and Morality in Complex Society: Jürgen Habermas on Solving the Crisis of Western Methods of Governance

作　　者：彭凤莲[1,2] PENG Fenglian

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学 [2]安徽师范大学法治中国建设研究院

出　　处：《哲学分析》2020年第2期85-97,197,198,共15页Philosophical Analysis

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目“依法治国与以德治国的关系研究”(项目编号:14AZD135)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：复杂社会是指通过市场来整合各种不同信念系统和利益状况彼此竞争的多元主义社会。哈贝马斯通过论证复杂社会法律与道德的关系,试图回答合法律性的合法性何以可能,并希望以此破解西方法治国危机。他在考察法律与道德既有共同的参照点又有区别的前提下,批判康德等人所指的法律从属于道德的摹本说,主张法律道德关系并列说,认为自主的道德和依赖于论证的实定法处于一种互补关系之中。他批判马克斯·韦伯的法律合理性概念,从法律的道德程序与法律的道德内容等方面来论证法律与道德的交错关系。法律与道德并列说、互补说、交错说对思考我国依法治国与以德治国的关系有启发意义。Complex society is a pluralistic society in which there is integration and competition of different belief systems and interests through the market. Jürgen Habermas tried to answer the problem" how is legality possible" through demonstrating the relationship between law and morality in complex society, and hoped to solve the crisis of the western rule of law. There are common reference points and differences between law and morality. He advocated parallel legal and moral relationship through criticizing Kant’s copy theory of the subordination of law to morality. The morality of autonomy and the practice of relying on argument are of complementary relationship. He demonstrated the interlaced relationship between law and morality from the moral procedure of law and the moral content of law, through criticizing Max Weber’s concept of legal rationality. His parallel theory, complementary theory, interlaced theory inspire the relationship between the rule of law and the rule by virtue of our country.

关 键 词：复杂社会 法律 道德 

分 类 号：B15[哲学宗教—世界哲学]