距离千米级双望远镜的空间碎片激光测距  

Laser Ranging for Space Debris Using Double Telescopes with Kilometer-Level Distance

作　　者：龙明亮 张海峰[1,2] 邓华荣[1] 汤凯[1] 张忠萍[1,2] 张阿丽[3] Long Mingliang;Zhang Haifeng;Deng Huarong;Tang Kai;Zhang Zhongping;Zhang Ali(Shanghai Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 200030,China;Key Laboratory of Space Object and Debris Observation,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,Jiangsu21008,China;Xinjiang Astronomical Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,Xinjiang 830011,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海天文台,上海200030 [2]中国科学院空间目标与碎片观测重点实验室,江苏南京210008 [3]中国科学院新疆天文台,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《光学学报》2020年第2期186-193,共8页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(U1631240,11503068);博士后创新人才计划(BX201700270);博士后第62批面上基金(2017M621562)。

摘　　要：以上海天文台收发分离的21cm/60cm口径卫星激光测距系统为例,利用高精度计时器、光电探测器等设备,对发射/接收系统的时延分别进行测量与标定,测量地面靶目标所得到的发射/接收系统的总时延与常规地面靶目标测量方法的测量均值相比,时延标定误差为400ps。在此基础上,利用高精度时钟系统,并在解决远距离望远镜回波信号探测距离门控制问题的条件下,实现了相距2.5km的双望远镜系统对距离大于1000km的空间碎片目标的测量,验证了远距离接收空间碎片目标激光回波信号的能力。In this paper,using high-precision timers,photoelectric detectors,and other equipment,the laser transmitting and receiving system delays for a 60-cm receiving telescope aperture system at the Shanghai Observatory are measured and calibrated,with a transmitting telescope aperture of 21 cm.By comparing the result of a target measurement by a space debris laser ranging(SDLR)system on the ground with the measured results of the conventional target measurement,we find that the calibration error of delay is approximately 400 ps.On this basis,using a high-precision clock system in a laser ranging system,SDLR is achieved for the first time in China using a single telescope to send laser pulses and double telescopes with a distance of 2.5 km to receive laser echoes,solving the problem of detection range gate control of echo signals from the remote telescope.This system realizes a range distance of over 1000 km.The proposed method demonstrates the ability to receive laser echoes from space debris from a remote distance on the ground with multiple telescopes.

关 键 词：遥感 卫星激光测距 多台望远镜接收 系统时延 距离门控 远距离探测 

分 类 号：P412[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]