高校惩戒权的法治化审查:蕴含内容与推进路径——以《高等学校学生管理规定》为参照  

A Study on the Legalization of Disciplinary Power of Colleges and Universities:Content and Promotion Path--Taking the "Regulations on the Management of Students in Colleges and Universities" as a Reference

作　　者：晋涛 Jin Tao(College of Law,Henan University,Kaifeng 475001)

机构地区：[1]河南大学法学院,开封475001 [2]华东师范大学青少年法治教育协同创新中心

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2020年第1期59-67,共9页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：2017年河南省研究生教育教学改革研究与实践项目“研究生学术道德失范与制度构建”(2017SJGLX085Y)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：高校惩戒权需回应法治理念、教育达成、权益保护的诉求。高校惩戒权的实体法治包括惩戒权实施的法定化、专业化、适度化三个主板块,无视《高等学校学生管理规定》或者进行随意解释以及处罚失衡的高校惩戒不具有正当性。高校惩戒权的实施须遵守法定程序,保障惩戒的透明,正视受惩戒人的主体性。《高等学校学生管理规定》规定了高校惩戒权实施的基本程序,但欠缺听证程序、回避程序,还存在个别程序过剩。在程序法治中应充分保障受惩戒人的参与权。受惩戒人对高校行使惩戒权行为不服的有权提起行政诉讼,高校是行政诉讼的适格被告。司法机关应大力开展针对高校惩戒的司法审查",倒逼"高校惩戒遵守合目的性、合法性。The disciplinary power of colleges and universities needs to respond to the demands of the rule of law, the realization of education and the protection of rights and interests. The substantive rule of law of disciplinary power of Colleges and universities includes three main boards: legalization, specialization and moderation. It is not proper to ignore the "Regulations on student management" or to explain at will and lead to unbalanced punishment. The implementation of the disciplinary power of colleges and universities must abide by the legal procedures,guarantees the transparency of the disciplinary power, faces up to the subject of the punished person. The "Regulations on student management" stipulates the basic procedures for the disciplinary power of colleges and universities. However, there is lack of hearing procedure and avoidance procedure, and there is an excess procedure. In the procedural rule of law, the right to participate in the punishment should be fully guaranteed.If the punishable person is dissatisfied with the exercise of disciplinary power of colleges and universities, he has the right to file an administrative lawsuit. Colleges or universities is an appropriate defendant in administrative litigation. The judiciary should vigorously carry out judicial review of disciplinary power of colleges and universities, "force" disciplinary power of colleges and universities to have proper purpose and legitimacy.

关 键 词：高校惩戒权 开除学籍 听证 隐性程序 行政诉讼 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]