基于心率和心率变异性分析的模拟飞行实践课程设置探讨  

Exploration on course setting of simulation flight practice based on heart rate and heart rate variability analysis

作　　者：杨琳 代静 王航 王春晨 文治洪 曹新生 YANG Lin;DAI Jing;WANG Hang;WANG Chun-chen;WEN Zhi-hong;CAO Xin-sheng(Department of Human Factors,School of Aerospace Medicine,Air Force Medical University,Xi’an 710032,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]空军军医大学航空航天医学系航空航天人机工效学教研室,西安陕西710032

出　　处：《心脏杂志》2020年第1期69-74,共6页Chinese Heart Journal

基　　金：航空航天医学系人才引导专项后备人才创新基金资助(2019HBRC04)。

摘　　要：目的通过分析航空航天医学专业学员在模拟飞行实践考试中的心率和心率变异性,探讨模拟飞行实践课程设置。方法对比分析2017级48名航空航天医学专业学员在考试前静息状态、初教六模拟飞行和台式模拟飞行的心率(平均心率)和心率变异性(包括RMSSD、LF和HF),两种模拟飞行均包括起飞、巡航和降落三个阶段。结果①初教六总体飞行和台式总体飞行的心率和心率变异性均与静息状态存在明显差异(P<0.01),表明两种模拟飞行均具有一定的飞行负荷;②初教六模拟飞行的起飞、巡航和降落阶段的心率和心率变异性均与静息状态存在明显差异(P<0.01),而台式模拟飞行仅巡航阶段的心率和心率变异性与静息状态存在明显差异(P<0.01),表明初教六模拟飞行的三个阶段都会给学员带来较大的负荷,而台式模拟飞行仅巡航阶段要求学员投入较大精力;③初教六模拟飞行在起飞和降落阶段的心率和心率变异性明显异于台式模拟飞行(P<0.01),而两种模拟飞行在巡航阶段的心率和心率变异性无明显差异,表明初教六模拟飞行在起飞和降落阶段的飞行负荷大于台式模拟飞行,而在巡航阶段的飞行负荷与台式模拟飞行相当。结论根据不同飞行负荷特点,建议强化初教六模拟飞行各阶段技术要点的讲解,增加初教六模拟飞行的实践时间,以利于学员更好掌握飞行技能。AIM To explore the course setting of simulation flight practice by analyzing heart rate and heart rate variability of aerospace medical students in simulated flight practice test.METHODS Analyses and comparison were evaluated in heart rate and heart rate variability of 48 aerospace medical students before test and in simulating flights tests [both Type-6 Primary Trainer(T-6) and desktop computer-based flight simulator(DC-FT)].The two kinds of simulating flights both included three phases:take-off,cruise and landing.RESULTS The heart rate and the heart rate variability of both simulating flights were significantly different from those at resting state(P<0.01),indicating that both simulation flights had a certain flight load.The heart rate and heart rate variability of take-off,cruise,and landing of the T-6 flight were all significantly different from those in the resting state(P<0.01).They were significantly different from those in the resting state in the DC-FT flight(P<0.01),indicating that the three phases of T-6 flight put a large load on the students,while the only the cruise phase of the DCFT flight demonstrated a similar outcome.The heart rate and heart rate variability of take-off and landing phases in T-6 flight were significantly different from those of the DC-FT flight(P<0.01).Heart rate and heart rate variability of the two simulation flights during cruise phase were not significantly different,indicating that the flight loads in the take-off and landing phases of T-6 flight were larger than that of the DC-FT flight and the flight load in cruise phase was equivalent to that of DC-FT flight.CONCLUSION According to the flight loads of the two kinds of flights,we recommend to place more effort on the explanation of technical points of each phase of T-6 flight and increase the practice time of T-6 flight in order to facilitate the students to better master flight skills.

关 键 词：心率 心率变异性 模拟飞行 实践课程设置 

分 类 号：R857[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]