磺酰脲类化合物在水稻田中的除草性能  

Herbicidal Activity of Sulfonylurea Herbicides in Rice Fields

作　　者：孟凡飞 魏巍[1] 周沙 周莎[1] 李正名[1] MENG Fanfei;WEI Wei;ZHOU Sha;ZHOU Sha;LI Zhengming(State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry,Nankai University,Tianjin 300071,China)

机构地区：[1]南开大学元素有机化学国家重点实验室,天津300071

出　　处：《应用化学》2020年第4期416-423,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：南开大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助(63181206)。

摘　　要：水稻是我国重要的粮食作物,但杂草对水稻的产量和品质产生了严重影响。化学防除是治理水稻田杂草最有效的途径。文中设计合成了苯环2,6-取代和2,5-取代两个系列磺酰脲类化合物,并通过核磁共振波谱仪(NMR)和高分辨质谱仪(HRMS)等对其进行了结构表征。通过水稻田除草活性和安全性测试发现化合物在水稻田中具有较好的除草活性,尤其是化合物10a对水稻田中的主要杂草稗草和醴肠除草活性(目测初筛防效大于90%)优于对照药醚苯磺隆和氯磺隆,安全性与之相当。Rice is one of the most important food crops in China,but weeds therein have serious adverse effects on rice yield and quality.The use of chemical herbicides is the most effective way to control weeds in rice field.Two series of novel sulfonylurea compounds,2,5-substituted and 2,6-substituted benzenes,were designed and synthesized with their structures characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy(NMR)and high-resolution mass spectrometry(HRMS).The herbicidal activity and crop safety tests of rice field showed that most of the new molecules showed good herbicidal activity in rice field,especially compound 10a has shown better herbicidal activity(the visual control effect of preliminary screening is more than 90%)toward the main weeds Echinochloa crusgalli and Eclipta prostratethan than that of ethersulfuron-methyl and chlorsulfuron as controls.The herbicidal crop safety of compound 10a is comparable to that of the controls.

关 键 词：水稻田 磺酰脲类化合物 除草活性 安全性 

分 类 号：O621.3[理学—有机化学]