非洲奥果韦河水力资源理论蕴藏量估算  

Theoretical Hydropower Potential of Ogooue River in Africa

作　　者：李璐[1] 董晓华[1] 赵乔 周清平 薄会娟[1] 魏冲 LI Lu;DONG Xiaohua;ZHAO Qiao;ZHOU Qingping;BO Huijuan;WEI Chong(College of Hydraulic&Environmental Engineering,China Three Gorges Univ.,Yichang 443002,China;Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited,Power Construction Corporation of China,Guiyang 550081,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学水利与环境学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司,贵阳550081

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期6-11,28,共7页Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(40701024);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71874101)。

摘　　要：非洲大陆电力严重短缺,同时水能资源没有得到充分利用,水电开发量仅占技术可开发水能资源的7%,水电资源有较大开发空间.本文以非洲奥果韦河为研究对象,通过收集该流域地形、降雨和径流资料,对奥果韦河流域的降雨及径流特性进行分析.对奥果韦河干流采用径流直接计算,同时对缺资料支流移用径流系数的方法,估算奥果韦河流域的理论蕴藏量,分析了该流域的水力资源空间分布情况.结果表明:奥果韦河流域年降雨量均值为1800 mm,从西到东降雨量逐渐减少;奥果韦河多年平均流量为4730 m 3/s,干流多年平均丰水枯水比值为1.77,年内变化较大;奥果韦河水力资源主要集中于干流中下游、伊温多河和恩古涅河,其理论蕴藏量分别为6389.39 MW,1043.02 MW,1572.43 MW.本研究对“一带一路”沿线国家缺资料地区的水力资源估算提供了新方法,对开拓国外水电市场具有重要意义.The power shortage in the African continent is serious.At the same time,hydropower resources are not fully utilized.The sum of installed hydro capacity and planned hydro capacity has only accounted for 7%of the technically feasible hydropower potential in Africa.Therefore,there are large development capacities for hydropower resources.This paper takes the Ogooue River in Africa as the research object and analyzes the rainfall and runoff characteristics of the Ogooue River Basin by collecting the topographic,rainfall and runoff data of the basin.Meanwhile,the theoretical hydropower potential of each section and tributaries of the mainstream of the Ogooue River are estimated.In the trunk stream of the Ogooue River,runoff data is used to calculate theoretical hydropower potential directly.For tributaries of the Ogooue River,which lack runoff data,runoff coefficients of similar basins are used to convert rainfall into flow data.Then theoretical hydropower potential could be calculated.The results show that the annual average rainfall of the Ogooue River Basin is 1800mm,and the rainfall from west to east is gradually decreasing.The annual average flow of the Ogooue River is 4730m3/s,and the annual average wet-dry water ratio of the mainstream is 1.77.There are great changes in mainstream runoff during the year.Ogooue River power resources are mainly concentrated in the middle reaches of the mainstream,the Ivindo river,and the Ngounie river.The theoretical reserves of them are 6389.39MW,1043.02MW and 1572.43MW respectively.This study provides a new method for the estimation of hydropower resources in areas with insufficient data and along the"the Belt and Road",which is of great significance for the development of the foreign hydropower market.

关 键 词：奥果韦河 理论蕴藏量 水资源特性 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]