城市开发强度对通风环境的影响及风道识别——以武汉市为例  

The Influence of Urban Development Intensity on Ventilation Environment and The Identification of Ventilation Path:A Case Study of Wuhan

作　　者：尹杰[1,2] 詹庆明[2] YIN Jie;ZHAN Qingming(College of Civil Engineering&Architecture,China Three Gorges Univ.,Yichang 443002,China;College of Urban Design,Wuhan Univ.,Wuhan 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]三峡大学土木与建筑学院,湖北宜昌443002 [2]武汉大学城市设计学院,武汉430072

出　　处：《三峡大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第3期78-84,共7页Journal of China Three Gorges University：Natural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51378399)。

摘　　要：城市密集地区表面粗糙导致城市通风受到阻碍,以致城市建成环境内部微气候和空气质量不理想,故营造城市通风廊道有助于节能减排和改善城市生态环境.以35 km×50 km的武汉市主城区为例,将建成环境划分为100 m×100 m的栅格单元,分别统计开发强度指标建筑密度、容积率和平均建筑高度,选取开发强度各异的12个栅格单元地块进行CFD数值模拟,采用因子分析和相关系数法统计开发强度指标与通风效能指标的关联强度,其中建筑密度呈现显著的负相关,而建筑高度呈现正相关.依据开发强度的叠加图层识别密集地区的城市通风廊道,为科学规划设计城市空间形态,改善通风环境提供参考.Urban ventilation is being hampered by rough surface in dense urban areas,and the microclimate and air quality of urban built environment are not ideal.Identifying urban ventilation path is helpful to save energy and reduce emissions and improve the urban ecological environment.Taking the Wuhan City of 35 km×50 km as an example,the built environment is divided into the grids of 100 m×100 m,and the building density,floor area ratio and average building height are analyzed respectively.12 grid units are selected for CFD numerical simulation.The regression relationship between building index and ventilation efficiency index is established by factor analysis method and Pearson correlation coefficient.It shows a significant negative correlation between building density and ventilation effectiveness,while there is a positive correlation between building height and ventilation effectiveness.The development intensity map layer is weighted to identify urban ventilation paths in dense areas.This paper provides a quantitative reference for scientific planning and design of urban spatial form to improve ventilation.

关 键 词：城市开发强度 通风廊道 地理信息系统(GIS) CFD 

分 类 号：TU119[建筑科学—建筑理论]