2型糖尿病患者饮食管理的社会学影响因素调查  

Sociological influencing factors of dietary management in patents with type 2 diabetes mellitus

作　　者：陈欣悦 袁晨曦 陈璇[1] 张红梅 Chen Xinyue;Yuan Chenxi;Chen Xuan;Zhang Hongmei(School of Nursing,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学护理学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学医学院

出　　处：《护理学杂志》2020年第6期27-30,共4页Journal of Nursing Science

基　　金：江苏省卫生计生委医学科研课题(Q2017006);2018年度南京市卫生科技发展专项基金(YKK18058)。

摘　　要：目的了解2型糖尿病患者饮食管理的相关社会学影响因素。方法采用一般资料调查表、糖尿病患者饮食自我管理行为量表、糖尿病饮食管理资源量表对217例2型糖尿病患者进行问卷调查。结果2型糖尿病患者饮食管理行为得分为(3.97±1.55)分,患者糖尿病饮食管理的社会学影响因素中,自我调整为(2.83±0.98)分、家人朋友(3.01±1.06)分、医护人员(2.90±1.02)分、社区邻里(2.66±0.99)分、社会团体(2.62±0.89)分、工作环境(2.19±1.05)分、媒体政策(2.74±1.07)分,患者获得的社会学支持得分显著低于主观重要性(均P<0.01)。分层回归结果显示自我调整、家人朋友、医护人员、社会团体的支持可以有效解释患者饮食管理行为61.9%的变异。结论2型糖尿病患者饮食管理水平不容乐观,相关社会学资源利用度不佳,医护人员应指导患者合理利用多重社会学资源,提高其饮食自我管理能力。Objective To understand the sociological influencing factors of dietary management in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 217 patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated with the general information questionnaire,the Dietary Self-management Behavior Scale for Diabetic Patients and Dietary Management Resources Scale for Diabetes Mellitus.Results The dietary management scores of patients with type 2 diabetes averaged(3.97±1.55)points.Among the sociological factors,self-adjustment scored(2.83±0.98)points,family and friends(3.01±1.06)points,medical staff(2.90±1.02)points,community and neighborhoods(2.66±0.99)points,social groups(2.62±0.89)points,working environment(2.19±1.05)points,and media policy(2.74±1.07)points.Scores of patient-received sociological support were significantly lower than scores of subjective importance(P<0.01 for all).The results of stratified regression analysis showed that self-adjustment,support from family and friends,from medical staff,and from social groups could effectively explain 61.9% of the total variation in dietary management behavior.Conclusion Dietary management of patients with type 2 diabetes is not satisfactory,and the utilization of relevant sociological resources is not good.Medical staff should guide patients to make rational use of multiple sociological resources and improve their self-management ability.

关 键 词：2型糖尿病 饮食管理 饮食自我管理行为 饮食管理资源 社会学因素 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.5[医药卫生—护理学]