美洲黑杨无性系木材纤维性状遗传变异  

Genetic variation of fiber traits in Populus deltoides clones

作　　者：刘玉鑫 颜开义 何伟 潘惠新 LIU Yuxin;YAN Kaiyi;HE Wei;PAN Huixin(College of Forestry,Nanjing Forestry University,Nanjing 210037,China;Sihong Forestry Center,Jiangsu Province,Suqian 223900,China)

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学林学院,江苏南京210037 [2]泗洪县林业科技推广中心,江苏宿迁223900

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》2020年第2期67-74,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：江苏省科技项目现代农业项目(BE2016387)。

摘　　要：【目的】美洲黑杨是苏北地区栽植面积最大的用材树种之一,具有重要的经济价值和生态价值。近年来,随着市场对杨树木材需求量的增加及质量要求的提高,对杨树材性改良的研究迫在眉睫。材性性状中,纤维长度、纤维长宽比等性状值的大小直接影响杨木制浆性能和造纸质量。通过对美洲黑杨无性系木材纤维性状遗传变异的研究,了解杨树木材纤维性状的遗传变异规律,为杨树材性改良及新品种选择提供科学依据。【方法】以泗洪县林场11个美洲黑杨无性系10年生对比试验林为材料,选取各无性系在各区组的标准株,测量其胸径和树高后,伐倒并在离地1.3 m处截取圆盘带回实验室气干备用。试样经脱木素试剂处理后,分别用光学显微镜及纤维形态自动分析仪(MORFI)测量其纤维长度和纤维宽度,计算得到纤维长宽比。将两种测量方法得到的数据进行回归分析,确定回归方程,使后续大规模测定的数据更加精确。使用SPSS 19.0对获得的数据进行分析处理,得到各纤维性状的遗传变异规律和性状间相关关系。采用K-means法对11个无性系进行聚类分析,选取纤维性状和生长性状均表现优异的无性系。用R语言作图,进行数据可视化表达。【结果】用两种测量方法测得的纤维长度、纤维长宽比回归分析R^2值均大于0.9,MORFI测量值可靠。纤维长度和纤维长宽比的大小均随林龄增加而增加。11个无性系纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维长宽比的平均值分别为1107.8μm、22.3μm和49.57。3个纤维性状在无性系间存在显著差异,区组间差异不显著;纤维长度、纤维宽度和纤维长宽比性状的遗传力分别为0.764、0.832和0.590。3个纤维性状在第3、6、9龄间表现出高度相关。纤维长度与生长性状间的相关系数为0.21~0.25,纤维宽度与生长性状间相关系数处于0.39~0.48;纤维长宽比与生长性状间相关系数为-0.07^【Objective】Populus deltoides is one of the largest timber species planted in the orthern Jiangsu and it has important economic and ecological value.In recent years,with the increase in market demand for poplar wood and higher requirements for wood quality,the research on poplar wood property improvement is necessary.Among the wood properties,fiber length and ratio of fiber length to width directly affect the pulping performance and paper quality of poplar.In this study,we aimed to investigate the general patterns of genetic variation in fiber traits of P.deltoides and to provide the scientific basis for poplar wood improvement.【Method】Eleven ten-year-old P.deltoides clones were used as materials.Sample trees of each clone were selected in each of the four blocks.After measuring the tree height and diameter at breast height(DBH),sample trees were cut down and the wooden discs were intercepted at 1.3 m from the ground and brought back to the laboratory for air-drying.After the samples were treated with the delignification reagent,the fiber traits were measured by optical microscope and MANUEL MORFI.The SPSS 19.0 software was used to analyze and process the data,and the genetic variation and correlation of each trait were analyzed.The K-means method was used to cluster the 11 clones,and among them,the clones with excellent fiber and growth characters were selected.【Result】The regression analysis of values measured by the two methods showed that R^2 were more than 0.9,thus the MORFI measurement values were reliable.The fiber length and fiber length to width ratio increased with the increase of forest age.The average values of fiber length,fiber width,and fiber length to width ratio of 11 clones were 1107.8μm,22.3μm and 49.57,respectively.There were significant differences in fiber traits among different clones.The heritability of the three fiber traits was 0.764,0.832 and 0.590,respectively.The correlation coefficients between fiber length and growth character were between 0.21 and 0.25,and those betwee

关 键 词：美洲黑杨 木材纤维 纤维长度 纤维宽度 遗传变异 无性系 

分 类 号：S722[农业科学—林木遗传育种]