矾山磷矿设计与建设的成功经验  

Successful experience in design and construction of Fanshan Phosphate Mine

作　　者：姜俊城 JIANG Juncheng

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《化工矿物与加工》2020年第4期1-4,共4页Industrial Minerals & Processing

摘　　要：总结了矾山磷矿30多年的发展历程,详细介绍了从设计到建设需要解决的问题。矿量的合理圈定是开展设计的前提和基础,该矿最终核定的储量为6 717万t,P2O5品位13.19%、TFe品位12.79%,开采年限44 a;涌水量的准确计算是矿山排水系统设计的必要条件,设计涌水量为16 500 m3/d,经过20年的验证,该涌水量一般为13 000 m3/d。矿山开拓系统设计及厂址选择是矿山建设的关键,根椐矿体赋存情况和开采技术条件、地表地形条件、内外部运输条件、场地布置,提出了中央主副竖井开拓、两翼对角式通风的开拓运输系统。为确保矿山开采安全,需保留15~30 m保安矿柱作护顶柱,对地面沉陷带要加强观察,防止出现塌落,如有地面塌陷要及时填平夯实。尾矿库除满足一般使用要求之外,还要满足闭路回水的要求,尾矿库的选择要保证尾矿回水、自然降雨全部储存并循环利用,实现零外排。实践证明,该矿的设计与建设是成功的,为我国磷矿的开发利用提供了借鉴。This paper summarizes the development history of Fanshan Phosphate Mine for more than 30 years, and introduces in detail the problems to be solved from design to construction. The reasonable delineation of ore volume is the premise and foundation for conducting the design.The final approved reserves of the mine are 67.17 million tons with P2O5 13.19%, TFe 12.79%, and the mining service life 44 years. The accurate calculation of water inflow is the necessary condition for the design of mine drainage system and the designed water inflow is 16,500 m3/d. After 20 years of verification, the water inflow is generally 13,000 m3/d. The design of mine development system and the selection of plant site are the key to mine construction. According to the occurrence of ore bodies, mining technical conditions, surface topographic conditions, internal and external transportation conditions, plant layout, the development and transportation system of central main and auxiliary shafts and diagonal ventilation on both wings is proposed. In order to ensure the safety of mining operation, it is necessary to retain 15~30 m security pillars as roof pillars, strengthen the observation of the ground subsidence zone to prevent the collapse, and fill and tamp any ground subsidence in time if found. In addition to the requirements of general use, the tailing dam should also meet the requirements of closed-circuit backwater. The tailing dam should be selected to ensure that the tailing backwater and natural rainfall are all stored and recycled to achieve zero external discharge. The practice proves that the design and construction of the mine is successful, which provides a reference for the development and utilization of phosphate rock in China.

关 键 词：矾山磷矿 开拓运输系统 塌陷区 采矿方法 环境保护 尾矿库 尾矿回水 

分 类 号：TD871[矿业工程—非金属矿开采]