大豆产量相关性状的遗传分析  

Genetic Effects Analysis of Yield-related Traits in Soybean

作　　者：薛红[1] 宁海龙[2] 杨兴勇[1] 董全中[1] 张勇[1] 张明明[1] 李微微[1] XUE Hong;NING Hai-long;YANG Xing-yong;DONG Quan-zhong;ZHANG Yong;ZHANG Ming-ming;LI Wei-wei(Keshan Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Keshan 161606,China;College of Agriculture,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院克山分院,黑龙江克山161606 [2]东北农业大学农学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2020年第2期1-8,共8页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院院级课题项目(2018YYYF027);国家重点研发计划(2017YFD0101303-2)。

摘　　要：为促进大豆高产育种过程中后代性状的选择,运用加性-显性-上位性基因效应的遗传模型和统计分析方法,对15个大豆品种配制的15个不完全双列杂交组合在2个环境下的6个性状进行遗传分析。结果表明:单株荚数适宜在低世代选择,株高、主茎节数、单株粒数、单株粒重和百粒重适宜在高世代选择,环境条件对株高和百粒重的选择效果影响较大,对其他性状影响较小;株高和主茎节数、主茎节数和单株粒数、主茎节数和单株粒重、单株荚数和单株粒数、单株荚数和单株粒重、单株粒数和单株粒重在后代的选择中可协同改良,其中主茎节数与单株粒数的改良效果不受环境影响;选择单株粒数显性效应高的组合,容易获得较高的单株粒重,在特定的环境条件下间接选择单株荚数,可对单株粒重的提高产生一定效果。In order to promote the selection of offspring characters in the process of soybean high-yield breeding,6 agronomic traits in 2 environmental conditions were analyzed for an incomplete diallel design with 15 soybean varieties and their F1,F2 generations by using an additive-dominance-epistasis genetic model and statistical analysis method.The results indicated that pods per plant was appropriate to select from low generations;plant height,nods on main stem,seeds per plant,yield per plant and 100-seed weight were suitable for selection at high generations.Environmental conditions had a great effect on the selection of plant height and 100-seed weight,but had little effect on other traits.Plant height and nods on main stem,nods on main stem and seeds per plant,nods on main stem and yield per plant,pods per plant and seeds per plant,pods per plant and yield per plant,seeds per plant and yield per plant could be improved simultaneously by selecting in the offspring.Among them,the improvement effect between nods on main stem and seeds per plant wasn’t influence by environment.It could be access to high yield per plant easily by selecting the crosses of high dominance effects with more seeds per plant,it would have a good effect on increasing yield per plant indirectly in certain environmental conditions by selecting of of pods per plant.

关 键 词：大豆 产量性状 加性-显性-上位性模型 遗传效应 遗传率 遗传相关 贡献率 

分 类 号：S51[农业科学—作物学]