Wnt信号通路在空气污染致气道上皮损伤及其修复中的作用研究进展  

Advances on role of Wnt signaling pathway in airway epithelial damage induced by air pollution and its repair

作　　者：谢毓佳 周芸[1] 马继轩 樊烈阳 叶子 王冬明 陈卫红[1] XIE Yu-jia;ZHOU Yun;MA Ji-xuan;FAN Lie-yang;YE Zi;WANG Dong-ming;CHEN Wei-hong(Department of Occupational and Environmental Health,School of Public Health,Tongji Medical College,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Wuhan,Hubei 430030,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,湖北武汉430030

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2020年第3期291-297,共7页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(81803189)。

摘　　要：空气污染对呼吸系统的损害受到广泛关注,空气污染物主要通过呼吸道进入机体,可通过氧化应激和炎性反应引起呼吸系统损伤。气道及肺泡上皮是呼吸系统抵御空气污染的首要防线,具有正常修复能力的气道上皮可及时修复污染物引起的损伤从而维持呼吸系统正常功能,而上皮修复能力改变或异常被认为是引起呼吸系统进一步损伤,甚至疾病的关键。既往研究显示Wnt通路参与了慢性阻塞性肺病及哮喘等多种呼吸系统疾病的发生和发展。文献报道Wnt通路是平衡细胞自我更新和损伤修复的关键性通路,可分为经典Wnt/β-catenin通路与非经典Wnt通路,两条通路的作用不同。经典Wnt通路参与维持上皮完整性并且促进气道上皮损伤的修复;受空气污染物刺激所释放的Wnt5a可激活非经典Wnt通路,引起机体炎性反应进而损伤气道上皮,并可通过抑制经典Wnt通路使气道上皮修复能力减弱。因此,两条Wnt通路同时参与气道上皮修复过程,维持修复平衡,其失衡可能引发相关呼吸系统疾病。本文综述目前关于Wnt信号通路在空气污染致气道上皮损伤及其修复中作用的最近研究进展,为空气污染所致呼吸系统疾病的防治提供相关的依据。The adverse effect of air pollution on respiratory system has raised public concern. In general, respiratory tract is the major route of air pollutant into the human body, accompanying with oxidative stress and inflammatory response. As the first line of defense against air pollutants, a normal functioning airway epithelium can repair the damage caused by air pollutants immediately to maintain respiratory health. Alteration or dysfunction of the epithelial repair ability might link to further respiratory damage and even respiratory disease. The Wnt signaling pathway participates in the development and progression of several respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD) and asthma. Previous studies have reported that it is a critical pathway related to cell self-renewal and respiratory damage and repair, and includes canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and non-canonical Wnt pathway, two pathways with different functions. The canonical Wnt pathway participates in cell adhesion to maintain the integrity of the airway epithelium and to promote epithelial repair;the Wnt5a release stimulated by air pollutants can cause inflammation by activating the non-canonical Wnt pathway, and also reduce epithelium repair capacity through inhibiting the canonical Wnt pathway. Both pathways participate in the process of epithelium repair, and imbalance of epithelial repair process may lead to related respiratory diseases. This article comprehensively reviewed current research on the role of Wnt signaling pathway in the airway epithelial damage induced by air pollution and epithelial repair, aiming to provide insights for the prevention and control of respiratory diseases induced by air pollution.

关 键 词：空气污染 WNT通路 Β-CATENIN 气道上皮 

分 类 号：R114[医药卫生—卫生毒理学]