日粮电解质平衡对母猪繁殖性能和血液理化指标的影响  

Effects of dietary electrolyte balance on reproductive performance and blood physicochemical parameters of sows

作　　者：薛瑞婷[1] 李栋[1] XUE Ruiting;LI Dong(LvLiang University,Lvliang,Shanxi Province 033000,China)

机构地区：[1]吕梁学院,山西吕梁033000

出　　处：《中国饲料》2020年第8期72-75,共4页China Feed

基　　金：山西省高等学校教学改革创新项目“基于创新能力培养的动物学实验教学改革与实践研究”(J2019201)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在评价日粮电解质平衡对母猪繁殖性能和血液理化指标的影响.试验将80头母猪(平均体重268.5±4.68 kg,平均产次2.6±0.75)根据体重和胎次随机分为2个饲粮处理,每个处理40个重复,每重复1头母猪.日粮处理包括从妊娠第1天到分娩当天分别给予电解质平衡值为165和300 mEq/kg的日粮,之后从分娩当天到第28天断奶给予电解质平衡日为200 mEq/kg的同一种哺乳日粮.试验通过控制日粮中钠和氯的浓度来获得日粮电解质平衡值.结果:与300 mEq/kg日粮组相比,165 mEq/kg日粮组母猪产仔数、产活仔数、断奶仔猪数、出生和断奶窝重均显著提高(P<0.05).两种处理仔猪在出生和断奶时的存活率、平均出生体重、平均断奶体重、母猪泌乳期日平均采食量、仔猪日平均增重(1~28 d)、母猪体重损失或背膘厚度变化方面均无显著差异(P>0.05).与300 mEq/kg日粮组母猪相比,165 mEq/kg日粮组母猪在分娩当天血清非酯化脂肪酸和皮质醇水平显著降低(P<0.05).综上所述,从妊娠第1天到分娩当天,低日粮电解质平衡值(165 mEq/kg)的妊娠日粮可以增加出生时产仔数和产仔重,这些有益的影响将持续到断奶.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary electrolyte balance on reproductive performance and blood physicochemical parameters in sows.Eighty sows(mean body weight 268.5±4.68kg,mean birth time 2.6±0.75)were randomly assigned to two diet treatments according to body weight and birth order.Each treatment consisted of 40 repetitions,one sows for each repetitions.The diet treatment consisted of giving an electrolyte balance of 165 mEq and 300 mEq/kg from the first day of pregnancy to the day of delivery,and then giving the same lactation diet with an electrolyte balance of 200 mEq/kg from the day of delivery to the 28th day of delivery.The electrolyte balance was obtained by controlling the concentration of sodium and chlorine in the diet.Results:compared with sows fed a diet of 300 mEq/kg,sows fed a diet of 165 mEq/kg had significantly higher litter size,live litter size,litter size,birth and litter weight(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in survival rate,mean birth weight,mean weaning weight,average daily feed intake during the sow’s lactation,average daily weight gain(1-28 days),sow weight loss or backfat thickness between the two treatments(P>0.05).Compared with sows fed a 300 mEq/kg diet,sows fed a 165 mEq/kg diet had significantly lower serum levels of non-esterified fatty acids and cortisol on the day of delivery(P<0.05).In summary,a gestational diet with a low electrolyte balance value(165 mEq/kg)from the 1st day of gestation to the day of delivery was associated with an increase in litter size and litter weight at birth,and these beneficial effects persisted through weaning.

关 键 词：日粮电解质平衡 母猪 繁殖性能 血液理化指标 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]