1703例手足口病病原体流行病学特点分析  

Pathogen Epidemiologic Character Analysis of 1 703 Cases of Hand-Foot-Mouth Disease

作　　者：胡祥英[1] 吴虹 李丽玲 HU Xiangying;WU Hong;LI Liling(Department of Pediatric,Haikou Maternity and Infant health hospital,Haikou Hainan 570102,China;Department of Clinical Laboratory,Haikou Maternity and Infant health hospital,Haikou Hainan 570102,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海口市妇幼保健院儿科,海南海口570102 [2]海南省海口市妇幼保健院检验科,海南海口570102

出　　处：《中国继续医学教育》2020年第11期68-71,共4页China Continuing Medical Education

摘　　要：目的了解手足口病儿童病例的病原体感染状况以及临床特点,为手足口病的预防和治疗提供理论指导。方法对2014年1月-2018年12月在本院儿科住院的的手足口病患儿采集咽拭子或皮肤疱疹液检测手足口病毒的感染情况,分析在病原体在各年度流行情况、性别、年龄、患儿来源及患儿的临床特征的分布进行回顾性分析。结果 3 039例患儿经病原学检查手足口病毒检测阳性1 703例(56.04%),其中EV71 671例(39.40%),CoxA16 553例(32.47%),通用型病毒479例(28.13%),重症病例186例,手足口病毒检测阳性155例(83.33%)%,其中EV71 112例(72.26%),CoxA16 16例(10.32%),通用型病毒27例(17.42%);普通病例2 853例,手足口病毒检测阳性1 548例(54.26%),EV71 559例(36.11%),CoxA16 537例(34.69%),通用型病毒452例(29.20%)。EV71,CoxA16,通用型病毒在2013年-2017年各年份间的感染情况、在各个年龄组、病情轻重及不同年龄组的病情等分布差异均有统计学意义(P <0.001),而在性别、患儿来源和病情轻重在性别差异则无统计学意义(P> 0.05)。结论 EV71仍是手足口病感染的主要病原体,也是引起重症手足口病的主要病原体,手足口病以1~3岁和3~6岁两个年龄段发病率最高,重症手足口病在1岁以下占绝大多数。应重视手足口病毒EV71的感染,并把治疗重点放在3岁以下的婴幼儿。Objective To understand the infectious status of virus in children with hand-foot–mouth disease(HFMD) and analysize the clinical characteristics so as to provide theory guide for prevention and treatment of hand-foot-mouth disease. Methods Throat swab or skin herpes fluid samples of children with HFMD were collection on stay in hospital from January 2014 to December 2018, and HFMD virus were detected. Demographic data, pathogen distribution at erery year, gender, ages,domicile and clinical characteristics were analyzed retrospectively. Results 3 039 cases children tested positive for HFMD in 1 703 cases(56.04%), 671(39.40%) cases were EV71-positive, 553(32.47%) cases were CoxA16-positive, 479(28.13%) cases were general enterovirus positive.Among 155 cases severe children, 112(72.26%) cases were EV71-positive, 16(10.32%) cases were CoxA16-positive, 27(17.42%) cases general enterovirus positive.There were 2853 common cases,1548(54.26%) caseswere positive for handfoot-mouth virus, 559(36.11%) cases were EV71-positive,537(34.69%) cases were CoxA16-positive,452(29.20%) cases were general enterovirus. EV71, CoxA16, universal enteroviruses have significant difference in the distribution of infection,disease severity and disease severity in different age groups from 2013 to 2017(P < 0.001), and threre was significant in gender, origin and severity of the disease(P > 0.05). Conclusion EV71 was main pathogen of children with hand-foot-mouth disease,and cause severe hand-foot-mouth disease too.The morbidity children with handfoot-mouth disease who were between the age 1~3 years old and 3~6 years old was higher than that of patients in other groups.The children with severe hand-foot-mouth disease were overwhelming major under 1 year.It was taken more seriously infectious in EV71 virus of hand-footmouth disease,and hand-foot-mouth disease EV71 infection should be emphasized and treatment should be focused on infants under 3 years old.

关 键 词：手足口病 病原体 肠道病毒71 柯萨奇病毒A16 通用型病毒 流行病学 

分 类 号：R192[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]