工业磷酸一铵制备高聚合度聚磷酸铵的工艺优化  

Optimization in Preparation Process of Ammonium Polyphosphate with High Polymerization Degree from Industrial Monoammonium Phosphate

作　　者：陈佳维 龙秉文[1] 邓伏礼[1] 戴亚芬 张逸 余莹 居丽 梁蕾 丁一刚[1] CHEN Jiawei;LONG Bingwen;DENG Fuli;DAI Yafen;ZHANG Yi;YU Ying;JU Li;LIANG Lei;DING Yigang(Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education,School of Chemical Engineering & Pharmacy,Wuhan Institute of Technology,Wuhan 430073,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学化工与制药学院,绿色化工过程教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430073

出　　处：《化学与生物工程》2020年第4期61-64,共4页Chemistry & Bioengineering

摘　　要：以工业磷酸一铵和尿素为原料、三聚氰胺为缩合剂制备了高聚合度聚磷酸铵;以P2O5质量分数、N质量分数为评价指标,通过单因素实验考察了反应温度、反应物投料比、反应时间、反应气体氛围对聚磷酸铵品质的影响,通过31PNMR测定其平均聚合度。结果表明,在反应温度为300℃、反应物投料比n(磷酸一铵)∶n(尿素)∶n(三聚氰胺)为1∶1.8∶0.07、反应时间为3.0 h、氨压为1.0 atm的最优条件下,能得到晶型完整的Ⅰ型聚磷酸铵产品,其P2O5质量分数为68.63%,N质量分数为15.24%,平均聚合度为471,均达到工业聚磷酸铵标准要求。Using industrial monoammonium phosphate and urea as raw materials,and melamine as a condensation agent,we prepared ammonium polyphosphate with high polymerization degree.Moreover,using the mass fractions of P2O5 and N as evaluation indexes,we investigated the effects of reaction temperature,reactant feed ratio,reaction time,and reaction gas atmosphere on the quality of products by single-factor experiments.Furthermore,we measured the average polymerization degree of the products by 31PNMR.The results show that the typeⅠammonium polyphosphate with complete crystalline form can be obtained under the optimum conditions as follows:the reaction temperature of 300℃,the n(monoammonium phosphate)∶n(urea)∶n(melamine)ratio of 1∶1.8∶0.07,the reaction time of 3.0 h,and the ammonia pressure of 1.0 atm.The mass fractions of P2O5 and N of the prepared ammonium polyphosphate are 68.63%and 15.24%,respectively,and the average polymerization degree is 471,all of which meet the requirements of industrial ammonium polyphosphate standard.

关 键 词：磷酸一铵 三聚氰胺 聚磷酸铵 高聚合度 

分 类 号：TQ126.35[化学工程—无机化工]