氮对磷在潮土中迁移与转化的影响  

The effect of nitrogen on phosphorus movement and transformation in fluvo-aquic soil

作　　者：苏同庆 王火焰[3] 周健民[3] SU Tong-qing;WANG Huo-yan;ZHOU Jian-min(Key Laboratory of Beibu Gulf Environment Change and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education,Nanning Normal University,Nanning Guangxi 530001;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation,Nanning Normal University,Nanning Guangxi 530001;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture,Institute of Soil Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing Jiangsu 210008)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [2]南宁师范大学广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,广西南宁530001 [3]土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,江苏南京210008

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第2期24-30,55,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0200901);广西高校中青年教师科研基础能力提升项目(2019KY0421);北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室(南宁师范大学)和广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室(南宁师范大学)系统基金(GTEUKLOP-X1813)。

摘　　要：通过土柱培养试验对磷肥在潮土中的迁移转化和其受不同氮肥的影响进行了研究。结果表明:培养60d后,单施磷酸二氢钙处理(MCP)距施肥点0~2 mm土壤pH值从8.29降至7.82,土柱中水溶性磷(W-P)、Ca2-P和Ca8-P分别为7.4、18.6和9.0 mg,分别占土壤无机磷增量的13.0%、32.7%、15.8%。配施尿素处理(MCP+U)和配施硫酸铵处理(MCP+AS)均较MCP降低了距施肥点0~2 mm土壤的pH值,提高了W-P的迁移距离和Ca2-P与Ca8-P的分布范围。MCP+U土柱中W-P、Ca2-P分别下降63.5%(2.7 mg)、65.6%(6.4 mg),Ca8-P则提高176.7%(24.9 mg),而MCP+AS土柱中W-P、Ca2-P分别提高100%(14.8 mg)、32.3%(24.6 mg),Ca8-P则下降42.2%(5.2 mg)。相比MCP,MCP+AS提高了磷肥的速效性,对于作物养分亏缺时及时供给磷素更为有利;MCP+U的磷肥速效性有所降低,对于磷肥供作物中长期利用效果更显著。The movement and transformation of phosphate fertilizer and the effects by different nitrogen fertilizers were studied using the soil column experiment.The results showed that after 60 days incubation,soil pH in the distance of 0~2 mm close to fertilizer placement in the treatment of monocalcium phosphate(MCP)applied alone decreased from 8.29 to 7.82,and water-soluble phosphorus(W-P),Ca2-P,Ca8-P in soil column were 7.4,18.6,9.0 mg,accounting for13.0%,32.7%,15.8%of soil inorganic phosphorus increment,respectively.Compared with MCP,co-application with urea(MCP+U)or ammonium sulfate(MCP+AS)reduced soil p H in the distance of 0~2 mm close to fertilizer placement,and increased the movement distance of W-P and the distribution of Ca2-P,Ca8-P.The W-P,Ca2-P decreased by 63.5%(2.7 mg),65.6%(6.4 mg),while Ca8-P increased by 176.7%(24.9 mg)in MCP+U soil column.However,W-P,Ca2-P increased by 100%(14.8 mg),32.3%(24.6 mg),while Ca8-P decreased by 42.2%(5.2 mg)in MCP+AS soil column.Compared with MCP,MCP+AS improved rapid availability of phosphate fertilizer,and it is more favorable for the timely supply of phosphorus when the crop nutrient is deficient,while,MCP+U reduced the rapid availability of phosphate fertilizer,and it is more beneficial for the medium and long term crop utilization of phosphorus fertilizer.

关 键 词：潮土 磷 氮 迁移 形态转化 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]