攀枝花芒果幼果黑心病与土壤理化性状相关性分析  

Correlation analysis of core browning of young mango fruits and soil physical-chemical properties in Panzhihua

作　　者：潘宏兵[1] 刘伟[2] 罗玲[3] 李贵利 李桂珍[1] 王斌[1] 杜邦[1] PAN Hong-bing;LIU Wei;LUO Ling;LI Gui-li;LI Gui-zhen;WANG Bin;DU Bang(Panzhihua Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences,Panzhihua Sichuan 617061;Horticulture Research Institute,Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Chengdu Sichuan 610066;Institute of Pomology and Olericulture Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川省攀枝花市农林科学研究院,四川攀枝花617061 [2]四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,四川成都610066 [3]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第2期116-122,158,共8页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划——西南干旱河谷区生态综合治理及生态产业技术研发(2017YFC0505100);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川省南亚热作创新团队;芒果黑心病防治技术研究项目。

摘　　要：为明确芒果幼果黑心病发生与土壤理化性状的关系,比较黑心和正常幼果矿质营养含量差异,调查幼果黑心病果园土壤pH值和养分丰缺情况,并采用相关分析、逐步回归分析和通径分析方法,对发病果园的土壤pH值、土壤养分和幼果黑心病率进行统计分析。结果表明:黑心病果的矿质养分氮、钾、磷、镁和锌含量均显著高于正常果,其他矿质元素含量差异不显著;不同黑心病果园土壤pH值、养分的变异系数和丰缺差异较大,近半数果园土壤pH值不适宜芒果生长,土壤有机质严重偏低、交换性镁和有效铁含量偏高;幼果黑心病率与土壤pH值和有效硼显著负相关,与土壤碱解氮和有机质分别达显著和极显著正相关,与其他土壤养分差异不显著,筛选出pH值(x1)、有机质(x2)、交换性镁(x7)及有效硼(x13),对幼果黑心病率(y)的最优回归方程达到极显著水平;土壤pH值、交换性镁和有效硼对幼果黑心病率影响主要由其直接作用决定,有机质对幼果黑心病率的影响主要由其直接作用和通过pH值间接作用决定。芒果园的土壤酸碱和个别养分丰缺导致幼果矿质元素含量失衡,进而引起幼果黑心病发生,建议通过改良种植土壤和幼果期叶面喷施硼肥等措施防治该病发生。In order to investigate the relationship between core browning of young mango fruits and soil physical-chemical properties,the differences of mineral nutrient contents between core browning and normal young fruit were compared, and the soil pH and nutrients of young mango fruit orchard infected core browning were investigated.Then,the correlation analysis,stepwise regression analysis and path analysis methods were used to measure the relation between the core browning incidence of young fruit and the soil pH and nutrients.The results showed that the contents of nitrogen,potassium,phosphorus,magnesium and zinc in core browning fruits were significantly higher than those in normal fruits,while the contents of other mineral nutrients were not significant.The soil pH of different orchards infected core browning were quite different,so did the variation coefficient and the abundance and deficiency of soil mineral nutrients.Nearly half of the orchard soils were not suitable for mango growth considering for pH,and their soil organic matter contents were seriously low,while exchangeable magnesium and available iron content were higher.The core brown incidence of young fruits had notably negative relations with the soil pH and available boron content,and had obviously positive correlation with soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content and extremely significant positive correlation with soil organic matter content,while had no significant correlations with other soil nutrients.The selected optimum regression equation of pH(x1),organic matter(x2),exchangeable magnesium(x7)and available boron(x13)for core browning incidence(y)of young fruit reached a very significant level.The effects of soil pH,exchangeable magnesium and available boron on the core browning incidence of young fruits were mainly determined by their direct effects,while the effect of organic matter on the incidence of core browning was determined by its direct effects and indirect effects through pH.The strong acidity or alkalinity of soil pH and the abundance

关 键 词：芒果 幼果黑心病 土壤PH值 土壤养分 分析 

分 类 号：S436.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]