喷施钙肥对‘夏黑’葡萄果实糖酸积累的影响  

Effect of spraying calcium on sugar and acid accumulation in ’Summer Black’ grape

作　　者：黄艳[1] 文露 庞亚卓 黄本义 王进[1] 吕秀兰[1] HUANG Yan;WEN Lu;PANG Ya-zhuo;HUANG Ben-yi;WANG Jin;Lü Xiu-lan(Institute of Pomology and Olericulture,Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu Sichuan 611130)

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学果蔬研究所,四川成都611130

出　　处：《中国土壤与肥料》2020年第2期166-172,共7页Soil and Fertilizer Sciences in China

基　　金：四川省科技厅应用基础项目(2018JY0374);四川省重点研发项目(2018NZ0147);成都市技术创新研发项目(2018-YF05-00155-SN);国家现代农业产业技术体系四川创新团队专项资金。

摘　　要：探讨大田条件下,喷施钙肥对葡萄果实糖酸积累等果实品质的影响,为葡萄生产上合理补充钙肥提供理论依据。试验于果实转色期对‘夏黑’葡萄果穗喷施硝酸钙、氨基酸钙两种钙肥,以喷施清水为对照,硝酸钙溶液浓度设置为0.3%、0.5%,氨基酸钙溶液浓度设置为0.1%、0.08%,研究外源喷施钙肥对葡萄果实糖酸积累及其它果实品质的影响。研究结果表明:外源喷施0.1%氨基酸钙溶液可促进果实成熟期果糖和葡萄糖的积累,抑制酒石酸和草酸的降解,果实硬度和可溶性糖含量相比对照分别增加35.71%、38.66%,可滴定酸含量较对照下降30.17%。外源喷施0.5%硝酸钙溶液可促进果实成熟期果糖、葡萄糖和蔗糖的积累,促进酒石酸、柠檬酸的降解,增加草酸的积累,果实硬度、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量较对照显著增加,分别增加了47.74%、7.99%和43.34%,可滴定酸含量相比对照下降28.89%。综合糖酸含量和其他果实品质来看,‘夏黑’葡萄果实转色期喷施0.5%硝酸钙溶液效果更佳。The effects of spraying calcium fertilizer on fruit quality,such as sugar and acid accumulation in grape fruit,were studied under field conditions,which provided theoretical basis for rational supplement of calcium fertilizer in grape production.Two kinds of calcium fertilizer,calcium nitrate and calcium amino acid,were sprayed on grape panicle during the period of fruit color conversion.The concentration of calcium nitrate solution was 0.3%,0.5% respectively,the concentration of calcium amino acid solution was set to 0.1%,0.08% respectively,and spraying fresh water was set as the control.The effects of spraying calcium fertilizer on glucose and acid accumulation and other fruit quality were studied.The results showed that exogenous application of 0.1% calcium amino acid solution promoted the accumulation of fructose and glucose and inhibited the degradation of tartaric acid and oxalic acid during fruit ripening.Fruit firmness and soluble sugar content increased by 35.71% and 38.66% respectively,and titratable acid content decreased by 30.17% compared with the control.Exogenous application of 0.5% calcium nitrate solution promoted the accumulation of fructose,glucose and sucrose,promoted the degradation of tartaric acid and citric acid,increased the accumulation of oxalic acid during fruit ripening. The fruit firmness,soluble solids and soluble sugar content increased by 47.74%,7.99% and 43.34% respectively,and the titratable acid content decreased by 28.89% compared with the control.Combined sugar and acid content and other fruit quality,it was concluded that spraying 0.5% calcium nitrate solution had the better effect on improving the fruit quality during the color conversion period of ’Summer Black’ grape.

关 键 词：葡萄 转色期 钙肥 糖酸积累 

分 类 号：S663.1[农业科学—果树学]