丹江口水库库区及周边地区河网形态、地貌特征及构造活动性意义  

Study on the river network,geomorphological features and tectonic activity in the Danjiangkou reservoir and its surrounding areas

作　　者：文力 魏鹏飞 李学敏 孙小舟 王俪璇 WEN Li;WEI Pengfei;LI Xuemin;SUN Xiaozhou;WANG Lixuan(College of Resource Environment and Tourism,Hubei University of Arts and Science,Xiangyang 441053,Hubei,China;Eighth Geological Brigade of Hubei,Hubei Bereau of Geology,Xiangyang 441002,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北文理学院资源环境与旅游学院,湖北襄阳441053 [2]湖北省地质局第八地质大队,湖北襄阳441002

出　　处：《地质力学学报》2020年第2期252-262,共11页Journal of Geomechanics

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2014CFB636);湖北省高等学校优秀中青年创新团队项目(T201314)。

摘　　要：河流作为构造-气候相互作用最为敏感的地貌单元,记录了丰富的水系演化、构造变形以及气候变化等信息。通过研究河流的形成与演化过程来阐述区域地貌和构造活动特征是构造地貌研究的一个突破点,河流形态的空间变化是阐述河流形成与演化特征最为直观有效的方法。丹江口水库库区地貌特征复杂、地质灾害频发、差异性构造活动较为强烈,是开展构造地貌研究的理想场所。通过对丹江口水库库区及周边地区河流形态特征、地貌特征及构造活动特征等进行综合分析发现,河网分维值空间特征与区域内构造活动性较强的断裂的空间分布高度吻合,构造活动性较强的断裂带及周边地区,河网受到构造活动的影响,发育不成熟,河网分维值出现低值,分维值均小于1.115;构造活动性较弱的断裂带及周边地区,河网发育过程中未受到构造活动的影响,发育较成熟,河网分维值高,分维值均大于1.25;而河网分维值空间变化与地形坡度、平均高程等地貌参数相关性不显著。因此,区域构造活动性特征是河网形态空间变化控制的关键因素。利用河网形态的分维特征量化区域构造活动的强弱及各区域构造活动的差异,对于河流的形成与演化、构造活动性及预测地质灾害的发生等方面的研究都有一定的参考价值。Owing to its sensitiveness to tectonics and climate,river records the relevant information about river system evolution,structural deformation and climate change. It is a breakthrough point in structural geomorphology research to elaborate on regional geomorphology and tectonic activities by studying the formation and evolution of the river,while the most direct and effective way to study formation and evolution of the river is through the spatial change of river morphology. Complex geomorphology,frequently-happened geological disasters,and strong tectonic activities make the Danjiangkou reservoir an ideal place for structural geomorphology research. In this paper,we researched on the river morphology, geomorphology and tectonic activities in the surrounding areas of the Danjiangkou reservoir. It is shown that the spatial characteristics of the river network fractal dimension values are highly consistent with the spatial distribution of the regional active faults. In and around the relatively active fault zones,the river networks are affected by tectonic activities in the process of development. The evolution of the river is immature and the river network fractal dimension values are relatively low( below 1. 115). On the contrary,in and around the relatively inactive fault zones,the evolution of the river is mature,and the river network fractal dimension values are relatively high( above 1. 25). Moreover,there is no significant correlation between the spatial distribution of river network fractal dimension values and geomorphological parameters,such as topographic slope and average elevation,which means the crucial factor affecting the spatial distribution of river network is the regional tectonic activity. Therefore,characteristics of river network fractal dimension can quantitatively reflect the strength and difference of regional tectonic activities,which provides reference for the studies on river formation and evolution,tectonic activity and prediction of geological disasters.

关 键 词：丹江口水库 分形特征 地貌特征 构造活动性 

分 类 号：P542[天文地球—构造地质学]