稻虾共作模式下不同播期对水稻产量和品质的影响  

Effects of different sowing date on yield and quality of high quality rice in rice-crayfish ecosystem

作　　者：石世杰 李纯杰 曹凑贵[1,2] 汪金平 江洋[1] SHI Shijie;LI Chunjie;CAO Cougui;WANG Jinping;JIANG Yang(Shuangshui Shuanglü Institute/College of Plant Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry,Jingzhou 434025,China)

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院/双水双绿研究院,武汉430070 [2]主要粮食作物产业化湖北省协同创新中心,荆州434025

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2020年第2期25-32,共8页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2662017JC007);国家重点研发计划专项(2018YFD0301304);湖北省现代农业产业体系项目。

摘　　要：以象牙香珍、天两优953、鄂中5号、天源粳036及泰优390等5个水稻品种为试验材料,在稻虾共作系统中,研究不同播期(5月21日、6月6日和6月21日)对水稻的生育期、倒伏指数、水稻产量及产量构成和稻米品质的影响。结果表明:随着播期的推迟,影响全生育期缩短的主要因素是播种至拔节时期的推迟,大部分水稻品种的抗倒伏能力逐渐增加;5个水稻品种中天源粳036、天两优953和泰优390的抗倒伏能力较好;随着播期推迟,5个水稻品种产量均呈现增加的趋势,其中造成水稻产量升高的主要构成因子是单位面积有效穗和千粒重;随着播期的推迟,5个水稻品种的精米率、整精米率呈升高的趋势,5个品种的垩白率、垩白度呈降低的趋势。Rice varieties including Xiangyaxiangzhen,Tianliangyou953,Ezhong5,Tianyuanjing036,and Taiyou390 were used to study effects of sowing date on the growth period,lodging index,yield,yield components and quality of rice in the rice-crayfish ecosystem.The results showed that the main factor affecting the shortening of whole growth period was the delay of the period from sowing to jointing and the lodging resistance of most rice varieties gradually increased with the delay of sowing date.Tianyuanjing036,Tianliangyou953 and Taiyou390 had good lodging resistance.The yield of 5 rice varieties increased with the delay of sowing date.The main factors affecting rice yield are the effective panicle and 1000-grain weight per unit area.The brown rice rate,white rice rate of 5 rice varieties increased and the chalkiness and chalky rice rate of 5 rice varieties decreased with the delay of sowing time.

关 键 词：稻虾共作 生态农业 播期 生育期 产量 稻米品质 倒伏指数 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学] S966.1