亚洲中部干旱气候研究综述与机理分析  

A Review of Aridity Studies for Central Asia with Mechanism Analysis

作　　者：戴新刚[1] 汪萍 DAI Xingang;WANG Ping(RCE-TEA,Institute of Atmospheric Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Chemistry(LAC),China Meteorological ACMA,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所东亚区域气候—环境重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国气象局大气化学重点开放实验室,中国气象科学院,北京100081

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2020年第1期1-12,共12页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：国家重点研究发展计划项目(2016YFA0601901);国家自然科学基金项目(41475075,41675087)。

摘　　要：综述了亚洲中部干旱气候若干研究进展,并对亚洲中纬度干旱区形成机理进行了深入分析。依据大尺度气候分类法将全球陆地划分为季风、地中海及西风带气候区,分别对应于年内季节循环中多雨—高温的同位相、反位相及不相关等类型水—热配置特征。亚洲中部干旱区南北部分属地中海和西风带气候区,其不同水—热位相配置又对应于不同的水汽通量及其散度等特征。研究揭示了欧亚大陆中部干旱区形成于降水不足且季节性水—热配置不当,起因于大气环流平均槽脊季节变化引起的大气动力—热力配置,其根源是海陆热力差异及大地形对大气环流强迫的结果。本文还讨论了季风区与非季风区之间平均气流水汽散度的季节性互动,以及行星尺度上不同气候区之间平均气流与瞬变涡动水汽散度之间的配置等问题。This paper summarized the climate change studies of the arid area in central Asia(AACA)from academic literature and explored potential mechanism of the AACA formation basing on the large-scale climate classification system.There are three types of large-scale climate regimes,for example,monsoon,Mediterranean and westerly climate around Tibetan Plateau,which correspond to seasonal precipitation and temperature being at in-phase,anti-phase and out of phase,respectively.AACA is almost covered by both Mediterranean and westerlies climate zones with different precipitation-temperature collocation and different moisture transport and divergence.Analysis revealed that the formation results directly from rare precipitation and improper precipitation-temperature collocation.This improper collocation comes out of improper collocation between regionally dynamical and thermal dynamical structures of atmospheric circulation with seasonal change of mid-latitude atmospheric stationary waves which is forced by large mountains and thermal contrast of land-sea in the earth surface.Besides,a short discussion is devoted to mutual engagement between seasonal changes in moisture flow and divergence over monsoon and non-monsoon zones in Eurasian continent as well as the coupling between large-scale and transient eddy moisture divergences over the climate zones.

关 键 词：亚洲中部 气候分类 干旱机理 水—热位相配置 水汽输送 大气定常波 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]