库尔勒城市化对气象要素的影响分析  

The Influence of Korla Urbanization on Meteorological Elements

作　　者：刘卫平[1] 古丽格娜[1] 王秋香[1] 张凤杰 胡义成[1] 张静[1] 秦榕[1] LIU Weiping;Guligena;WANG Qiuxiang;ZHANG Fengjie;HU Yicheng;ZHANG Jing;QIN Rong(Xinjiang Meteorological Information Center,Urumqi 830002,China;Civil Aviation Xinjiang Air Traffic Administration Aksu Air Management Station,Aksu 843000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆气象信息中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]民航新疆空中交通管理局阿克苏空管站,新疆阿克苏843000

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2020年第1期89-94,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：新疆气象局重点项目(ZD201803);中亚大气科学研究基金(CAAS201815);新疆气象局创新项目(201304)。

摘　　要：用库尔勒站和参考站1961—2015年的气候资料序列,采用差值分析和T检验方法对资料序列进行均一性检验、区域一致性分析,计算气象要素与城市化指标中的人口、地区生产总值的相关系数,研究地处南北疆交通枢纽的库尔勒气象站气候资料受城市化影响程度。结果表明:(1)库尔勒站与参考站气温差值分别在1986年前和1996年后,呈现2次增长,上升幅度分别为1.03℃和1.2℃左右,这与库尔勒的城市化发展进程对应紧密。相对湿度和风速差值随时间变化呈波动变化,降水量在1990年前后变化明显,1990年之前差值基本为正,而1990年之后差值为负。均一性检验结果显示气温存在2个断点,风速4个断点,相对湿度2个断点,降水量1个断点。(2)库尔勒城市化对年平均气温、相对湿度的影响较为显著,分别为0.17℃/10 a和-1.20%/10 a,气温与人口、地区生产总值呈正相关,相对湿度与人口、地区生产总值呈负相关,两者均通过了0.05以上的显著性水平检验。(3)新旧站观测资料对比分析显示,新旧站降水、风速、相对湿度资料序列连续性较好,受城市化影响,气温尤其是最低气温新旧站差异显著不能连续使用。The homogeneity and regional consistency of the climate data series of Korla station and the reference stations from 1961 to 2015 are tested by variation analysis and T-test methods,the correlation coefficient between meteorological elements and population and GDP in the urbanization index as well as the influence degree of urbanization upon the climate data of Korla meteorological station are further analyzed.The results show that:(1)the temperature difference between Korla station and the reference stations increased twice before 1986 and after 1996,with the rising ranges around 1.03℃ and 1.2℃ respectively,the relative humidity and wind speed nonmonotonous fluctuated with time,while the precipitation changes obviously around 1990,with a positive variation before 1990 and negative after 1990.The results of homogeneity test showed two breakpoints in air temperature,four in wind speed,two in relative humidity and one in precipitation.(2)The impact of urbanization on the annual average temperature and relative humidity in Korla is relatively significant,which are 0.17℃/10 a and-1.20%/10 a,respectively.The temperature is positively and the correlated with the population and GDP,while the relative humidity is negatively correlated with that,both of which have passed the significance test above 0.05.(3)The comparison and analysis of the observation data of the new and old stations shows that the data series of precipitation,wind and relative humidity of the new and old stations are of good continuity,and the difference of temperature,especially the lowest temperature,between the new and old stations affected by urbanization is significant and thus could not be used continuously.

关 键 词：城市化 气象要素 均一性 T检验 区域一致性 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]