膜下滴灌模式下种植密度对棉田蒸散发规律影响研究  

Effect of Planting Density on Evapotranspiration of Cotton Field with Drip Irrigation under Mulch

作　　者：王小军 黄健[1,2] WANG Xiaojun;HUANG Jian(Institute of Desert Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration,Urumqi 830002,China;Center of Central Asia Atmospheric Science Research,Urumqi 830002,China)

机构地区：[1]中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002 [2]中亚大气科学研究中心,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

出　　处：《沙漠与绿洲气象》2020年第1期138-143,共6页Desert and Oasis Meteorology

基　　金：中亚大气科学研究基金项目(CAAS201915);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费(IDM2018009);国家自然基金(41775109)。

摘　　要：为探求绿洲棉区膜下滴灌条件下不同种植密度棉田蒸散发规律,运用大型称重式蒸渗仪对膜下滴灌棉田蒸散过程连续监测,结果表明:在不同种植密度条件下,棉花的日蒸散量曲线都表现为单峰曲线,不同生育时期一膜6行(30株/m^2)种植的棉田蒸散量比一膜4行(20株/m^2)大,花铃期棉田的蒸散发强度最大,一膜4行、一膜6行分别为4.76、5.94 mm/d。一膜6行种植的叶面积指数大于一膜4行种植,株高小于一膜4行种植。花铃期棉田的蒸散发量与日平均气温(P<0.01)和空气相对湿度(P<0.01)具有很好的相关性,与日平均风速和日平均水汽压的关系不大。To explore the evapotranspiration change of cotton fields in oasis with different planting densities under the conditions of drip irrigation with mulch,a large-scale weighing lysimeter was used to continuously monitor the evapotranspiration process of cotton fields under drip irrigation with film.The results showed that under the condition of different planting density,the daily evapotranspiration curve of cotton showed a single peak curve.The evapotranspiration of cotton fields planted in six rows covered by one film(30 plants/m^2)at different growth stages was larger than that in four rows covered by one film(20 plants/m^2).The highest evapotranspiration tense appeared in the flowering-boll stage.Four rows covered by one film and six rows covered by one film were 4.76 mm/d and 5.94 mm/d,respectively.At the same time,the leaf area index of six rows covered by one film was larger than that of four rows covered by one film,and the plant height was smaller than that of four rows covered by one film.The evapotranspiration of cotton fields during the flowering-boll stage were significantly correlated with environmental factors of relative air humidity(P<0.01)and the daily average atmospheric temperature(P<0.01),and had little relationship with the daily average wind speed and the daily average water vapor pressure.

关 键 词：棉田 不同种植密度 蒸散过程 蒸渗仪 

分 类 号：S604.6[农业科学—园艺学]