岱衢洋鱼类索饵场仔稚鱼的生态位及其分化研究  

The Niche and Differentiation of Fish Larvae in Daiquyang Feeding Ground

作　　者：樊紫薇 蒋日进 徐开达[1,2] 张琳琳 印瑞[1,2] 王好学 FAN Ziwei;JIANG Rijin;XU Kaida;ZHANG Linlin;YIN Rui;WANG Haoxue(Marine and Fisheries Research Institute,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316021,China;Marine Fisheries Research Institute of Zhejiang Province,Key Research Station for Fisheries Resources of Main Fishing Ground,Ministry of Agriculture,Key Research Station of Sustainable Utilization for Marine Fisheries Resources,Zhoushan 316021,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学海洋与渔业研究所,舟山316021 [2]浙江省海洋水产研究所,农业部重点渔场渔业资源科学观测实验站,浙江省海洋渔业资源可持续利用技术研究重点实验室,舟山316021

出　　处：《海洋开发与管理》2020年第4期49-55,共7页Ocean Development and Management

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFD0900904、2017YFA0604904);浙江省重点研发计划项目(2019C02056);浙江省科技计划项目(2017F50015).

摘　　要：为掌握重要鱼类索饵场仔稚鱼的生态分布,促进海洋渔业的发展,文章基于2011—2012年岱衢洋海域4个航次的定量采样,运用生态位宽度、生态位重叠和典范对应分析等方法,分析该海域仔稚鱼群落与海水环境因子的关系。研究结果表明:岱衢洋海域仔稚鱼的生态位宽度可分为广生态位、中生态位和窄生态位,其中广生态位种对资源环境的适应能力强且分布范围较广,而窄生态位种对资源环境的适应能力较弱且分布不均匀;生态位宽度与相对重要性指数呈极显著的正相关关系;仔稚鱼群落生态位重叠指数大于0.6的种对占总种对数的24.24%,生态位重叠程度较低;仔稚鱼分布存在明显的生态分化现象,仔稚鱼的生态位特征和生态习性受温度、盐度、悬浮物和叶绿素a等环境因子的影响较大。Based on the quantitative sampling of 4 voyages in the Daiquyang from 2011 to 2012,using the niche breadth,niche overlap and canonical correspondence analysis,the relationship between the community of fish larvae and water environment factors was analyzed.The results showed that the niche breadth value of the fish larvae can be divided into niche breadth groups,middle niche breadth groups and narrow niche breadth groups.Among them,the species with wide niche which have strong adaptability to the environment and a wide range of distribution,narrow niche species have poor adaptability to the environment.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the niche breadth value was significantly correlated with the relative importance index.The pairs which the niche overlap above 0.6 accounting for 24.24%of the total number,and the degree of ecological overlap was low.The fish larvae showed obvious ecological differentiation.The niche characteristics changes and ecological habit of fish larvae are greatly affected by environmental factors such as temperature,salinity,suspended and chlorophyll a matter.

关 键 词：岱衢洋 仔稚鱼 生态位宽度 生态位重叠 生态位分化 

分 类 号：S9[农业科学—水产科学] P745[天文地球—海洋生物学]