血小板功能负性调控机制  

Negative regulation of platelets

作　　者：卜亚茹 焦波[1] BU Yaru;JIAO Bo(Department of Pharmacology,School of Pharmaceutical Science,Shandong University,Jinan 250000,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学药学院药理室,济南250000

出　　处：《生命的化学》2020年第2期146-152,共7页Chemistry of Life

基　　金：国家“重大新药创制”科技重大专项项目(2009ZX09103-117);山东省科技发展计划项目(2006GG2202063)。

摘　　要：在血液循环系统中,血小板在抑制因子的作用下,处于静息状态。当机体出血或外界因素刺激时,血小板活化,产生聚集、黏附和释放反应,释放出二磷酸腺苷(ADP)、花生四烯酸(AA)、血小板活化因子和5-羟色胺等物质,招募更多的血小板黏附于出血处,从而启动凝血过程,发挥止血作用。当止血反应完成后,血小板发生解聚,恢复到静息状态。然而,在病理条件下,血小板的内在解聚能力下降,形成过度活化的血小板,产生病理性血栓,导致急性缺血性心血管疾病的发生。临床使用抗血小板药物控制血小板的活化,治疗急性缺血性心血管疾病。然而,目前临床上常用的抗血小板药物发挥抗血小板活化作用的同时,影响了血小板正常的生理性止血作用,产生出血等副作用。因此,我们需要研发新型抗血小板药物,使其既能发挥抗血小板作用,又能减少出血等副作用。本文将对血小板负性调控机制进行综述,为进一步研究抗血小板药物提供思路。In normal blood flow circulation, platelets are stimulated by activators, as well as regulated by some inhibitory factors. When the body completes hemostasis, platelets depolymerize and back to resting state. However, under pathological condition, the intrinsic deaggregation ability of platelet decreases, and excessive platelet activation produces pathological thrombus. Therefore, anti-platelet therapy is an important direction for the treatment of ischemic cardiovascular disease. A variety of clinically effective anti-platelet medicines have been developed through platelet activation mechanism, but there are common bleeding adverse reaction at the same time. In this review, we summarized the mechanism of platelet negative regulation to limit platelet excessive activation, in order to provide new idea for further study on anti-platelet drug without bleeding.

关 键 词：血小板 负性调控 解聚 

分 类 号：R331.143[医药卫生—人体生理学]