The effects of water and nitrogen on the roots and yield of upland and paddy rice  

作　　者：ZHANG Ya-jie XU Jing-nan CHENG Ya-dan WANG Chen LIU Gao-sheng YANG Jian-chang 

机构地区：[1]Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology,Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225009,P.R.China

出　　处：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》2020年第5期1363-1374,共12页农业科学学报（英文版）

基　　金：the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671617);the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300502,2016YFD0300206 and 2018YFD0301306);the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),China。

摘　　要：It is of great significance to study the root characteristics of rice to improve water and nitrogen(N) use efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. This study investigated whether root traits and architecture of rice influence grain yield, as well as water and N utilization efficiency. An experiment was conducted using the upland rice cultivar Zhonghan 3(a japonica cultivar) and paddy rice cultivar Huaidao 5(also a japonica cultivar) using three N levels, namely, 2 g urea/pot(low amount, LN), 3 g urea/pot(normal amount, NN), and 4 g urea/pot(high amount, HN), and three soil water potentials(SWPs, namely, well-watered(0 kPa), mildly dried(–20 kPa) and severely dried(–40 kPa). The results showed that with decreasing SWP, the percentage of upland rice roots increased in the 0–5 cm tillage layer, and decreased in the 5–10 and 10–20 cm tillage layers, whereas paddy rice roots showed the opposite trend. With increasing amounts of N, the yield of upland and paddy rice increased, and the percentage of root volume ratios of the two rice cultivars in the 0–5 and 5–10 cm tillage layers increased, whereas that in the 10–20 cm tillage layer decreased. The roots of upland rice are mainly distributed in the 10–20 cm tillage layer, whereas most paddy rice roots are in the 0–5 cm tillage layer. These results indicate that the combination of-20 kPa SWP and NN in upland rice and 0 kPa SWP and LN in paddy rice promotes the growth of the root system during the middle and late stages, which in turn may decrease the requirements for water and N fertilizer and increase rice yield.

关 键 词：UPLAND RICE PADDY RICE ROOT traits ROOT architecture soil WATER potential NITROGEN 

分 类 号：S511.6[农业科学—作物学] S511.22