在集聚中走向创新--专利生产中的集聚经济效应研究  

Stepping towards innovation in agglomeration: a study on agglomeration economic effect in patent production

作　　者：黄小勇[1] 龙小宁 HUANG Xiaoyong;LONG Xiaoning(College of Economics and Management,Southwest University,Chongqing 400715,China;School of Economics,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361005,China)

机构地区：[1]西南大学经济管理学院,重庆400715 [2]厦门大学经济学院,福建厦门361005

出　　处：《产业经济研究》2020年第1期84-98,共15页Industrial Economics Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(71273217);国家自然科学基金应急管理项目(71741001);教育部人文社会科学基金青年项目(18XJC790006)。

摘　　要：基于中国工业企业数据库与专利数据库的匹配数据,以2001年、2005年、2006年以及2007年的企业级面板数据为样本,研究产业集聚对企业创新效率的影响,以探讨产业集聚是否能够促进我国加快建设创新型国家的目标。研究发现:产业集聚显著促进了专利的产出效率,其中,本地化经济效应显著而城市化经济效应不显著;平均来看,本地化经济效应解释了我国企业2001年至2007年专利数量对数增长的9.6%。研究还发现,较高水平的研发支出或人力资本有助于企业获得本地化经济效应。研究结果表明:产业集聚是近年来我国企业专利获取数量快速增长的一个重要影响因素,其有助于整个国家创新效率的提高;为了更好地发挥集聚经济效应,企业和地方政府应重视研发支出规模的扩大以及高技能人才的引进。This paper studies the impact of industrial agglomeration on enterprise innovation efficiency based on the matched data of China’s industrial enterprise database and patent database with enterprise-level panel data from 2001,2005,2006,and 2007 as samples to discuss whether industrial agglomeration can promote China ’s goal of accelerating the construction of an innovative country. The study finds that industrial agglomeration has significantly facilitated patent production efficiency. Among them,the localization economy is significant and the urbanization economy is not significant.Averagely,the localization economy has explained the 9. 6% increase in the logarithm of the number of Chinese enterprise patents from 2001 to 2007. The study also finds that a higher level of R&D expenditure or human capital are conductive for enterprises to realize localization economy. The research results show that industrial agglomeration is an important factor influencing the rapid growth in the number of patents acquired by Chinese enterprises in recent years,and it is conductive for the whole nation to enhance its innovation efficiency. To make better use of the agglomeration economic effect,enterprises and local governments should pay attention to increasing the R&D expenditure scale and introducing high-skilled talents.

关 键 词：产业集聚 专利生产函数 本地化经济 城市化经济 技术溢出 

分 类 号：F062.9[经济管理—政治经济学]