The Coix Genome Provides Insights into Panicoideae Evolution and Papery Hull Domestication  

作　　者：Chao Guo Yanan Wang Aiguo Yang Jun He Chaowen Xiao Shanhua Lv Fengming Han Yibing Yuan Yuan Yuan Xiaolong Dong Juan Guo YawenYang-Hailan Liu Ningzhi Zuo Yaxi Hu Kangxu Zhao Zhengbo Jiang Xing Wang Tingting Jiang Yaou Sherf Moju Cao Yuan Wang Zhaobo Long Tingzhao Rong Luqi Huang Shufeng Zhou 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Crop Gene Resources in Southwest China,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region,Ministry of Agriculture,Maize Research Institute of Sichuan Agricultural University,Chengdu 611130,China [2]National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences,State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs,Beijing 100700,China [3]Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qingdao 266101,China [4]Key Laboratory of Bio-Resource and Eco-Environment of Ministry of Education,College of Life Sciences,Sichuan University,Chengdu 610064,China [5]College of Agronomy,Liaocheng University,Liaocheng 252000,China [6]Biomarker Technologies Corporation,Beijing 101300,China

出　　处：《Molecular Plant》2020年第2期309-320,共12页分子植物（英文版）

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant no.31971753,81703657);Key Project at Central Government Level:the Ability Establishment of Sustainable Use for Valuable Chinese Medicine Resources(2060302);the Fundamental Research Funds for Central Non-profit Scientific Institution of China(Y2017XM06,ZZ13-YQ-085);the Key Science and Technology Program of Biotechnology and Medicine of Sichuan Province(2018NZDZX0001);the National Basic Research Program of China(2014CB138705).

摘　　要：Coix is a grass crop domesticated as early as the Neolithic era.It is still widely cultivated for both highly nutritional food and medicinal use.However,the genetic study and breeding of this crop are hindered by the lack of a sequenced genome.Here,we report de novo sequencing and assembly of the 1619-Mb genome of Coix,and annotation of 75.39%repeats and 39629 protein-coding genes.Comparative genomics analysis showed that Coix is more closely related to sorghum than maize,but intriguingly only Coix and maize had a recent genome duplication event,which was not detected in sorghum.We further constructed a genetic map and mapped several important traits,especially the strength of hull.Selection of papery hull(thin:easy dehulling)from the stony hull(thick:difficult dehulling)in wild progenitors was a key step in Coix domestication.The papery hull makes seed easier to process and germinate.Anatomic and global transcriptome analysis revealed that the papery hull is a result of inhibition of cell division and wall biogenesis.We also successfully demonstrated that seed hull pressure resistance is controlled by two major quantitative trait loci(QTLs),which are associated with hull thickness and color,respectively.The two QTLs were further fine mapped within intervals of 250 kb and 146 kb,respectively.These resources provide a platform for evolutionary studies and will facilitate molecular breeding of this important crop.

关 键 词：COIX GENOME Comparative genomics PANICOIDEAE EVOLUTION HULL DOMESTICATION QTL mapping 

分 类 号：Q943.2[生物学—植物学]