视觉剥夺前后老年人单足站立平衡特征研究  

Research on the balance adjustment mechanism of single leg stance in aged people before and after visu?al deprivation

作　　者：高天宇 张孝权 宿旺 曲宪波 齐莉萍 元文学 GAO Tianyu;ZHANG Xiaoquan;XU Wang(School of Humanities and Law,Dalian University of Technology,PanJin,124221)

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学文法学院,辽宁盘锦124221

出　　处：《中国康复医学杂志》2020年第4期427-433,共7页Chinese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31600797)。

摘　　要：目的:探讨视觉剥夺前后老年人优势侧与非优势侧单足站立平衡的特征,进而探讨视觉与老年人平衡调节机制之间的关系。方法:选取普通无损伤老年女性受试者8例。采用Vicon三维运动捕捉分析系统、AMTI测力平台、Noraxon表面肌电测试仪对受试者视觉剥夺前后两侧下肢单足站立的运动学和动力学指标进行同步采集。使用配对样本t检验的方法分析比较视觉剥夺前后差异。结果:①视觉剥夺后单足站立人体重心在矢状轴和额状轴的平均振动频率明显低于视觉剥夺前,且振动的最大振幅更大;②视觉剥夺前非优势侧单足站立矢状轴最大振动幅度明显小于优势侧(P<0.05);视觉剥夺后非优势侧单足站立额状轴最大振动幅度明显大于优势侧(P<0.05),优势侧与非优势侧单足站立平衡下矢状轴和额状轴的平均振动频率无显著性差异(P>0.05);③视觉剥夺后支撑侧下肢股直肌与股外侧肌积分肌电值均明显大于视觉剥夺前(P<0.05),非优势侧支撑时下肢胫骨前肌和腓肠肌积分肌电值明显大于视觉剥夺前(P<0.05)。结论:视觉剥夺前后老年人单足站立运动学和肌肉力学指标存在差异。视觉剥夺后老年人单足支撑重心振动频率较低,振幅较大,稳定性较低,但在优势侧表现不明显。视觉剥夺前后老年人主要依靠膝关节维持优势侧下肢单足站立平衡,非优势侧主要依靠踝关节和膝关节维持平衡。Objective:To investigate the balance characteristics of dominant and non-dominant sides standing of the elderly before and after visual deprivation,and to explore the relationship between vision and the balance regulation of the elderly.Method:Eight elderly female with no injury were selected.The Vicon 3D motion capture analysis system,AMTI force platform and Noraxon surface electromyograph were used for the kinematics and kinetics evaluation at either side leg standing before and after visual deprivation.Differences were compared with paired T test.Result:①The average vibrational frequency of gravity center of human body on the sagittal axis and frontal axis were significantly lower after visual deprivation than those before visual deprivation no mater standing on either dominate leg or non-dominate leg;②After visual deprivation,the maximum vibration amplitude of sagittal axis on the non-dominate leg was significantly decreased than dominate leg(P<0.05);After visual deprivation,the maximum vibration amplitude of frontal axis on the non-dominate leg was significantly increased than dominate leg(P<0.05);Before and after visual deprivation,the maximum vibration frequency of sagittal and frontal axis are no significant difference no matter standing on either dominate leg or non-dominate leg(P>0.05).③After visual deprivation,during the non-dominate side supporting,the integral electromyography values of rectus femoris,rectus lateralis,tibialis anterior and gastrocnemius were significantly greater than those before visual deprivation(P<0.05).But after visual deprivation and during the dominate side supporting,only the integral electromyography values of the rectus femoris and rectus lateralis were significantly greater than those before visual deprivation(P<0.05).Conclusion:The standing kinematics and muscle mechanics of the elderly before and after visual deprivation are differences.After visual deprivation and during the single-foot supporting,center of gravity of the elderly has lower vibration frequency,larg

关 键 词：老年人 平衡能力 视觉剥夺 单足站立 优势侧 非优势侧 

分 类 号：R493[医药卫生—康复医学] R592[医药卫生—临床医学]