葛氏鲈塘鳢耐受完全结冰缺氧环境的能力及生理生化响应  

Tolerant ability and physiological and biochemical responses of Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii to icing up and hypoxia environment

作　　者：柴龙会[1] 黄璞祎[1] 暴旭 CHAI Longhui;HUANG Puyi;BAO Xu(College of Wildlife and Protected Area,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China)

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学野生动物与自然保护地学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150040

出　　处：《大连海洋大学学报》2020年第2期218-222,共5页Journal of Dalian Ocean University

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2572018BE02)。

摘　　要：为研究葛氏鲈塘鳢Perccottus glenii对完全结冰缺氧环境的耐受能力和生理生化响应,试验测定了体质量为(30.0±2.7)g的葛氏鲈塘鳢在不同水体结冰温度下的存活率,以及水体结冰前(0℃)、水体完全结冰(-2℃持续24 h)、鱼体复苏(4℃,1、24、72 h)各阶段的生理生化指标。结果表明:葛氏鲈塘鳢在-2℃冰中持续24 h的存活率为100%,随着温度降低存活率明显下降,-5℃下持续24 h时的存活率为0;与水体结冰前的各指标相比,葛氏鲈塘鳢在水体完全结冰和鱼体复苏阶段的肝糖原含量显著降低(P<0.05),肌糖原变化趋势与肝糖原相似但未达到显著性水平(P>0.05),心脏、脑、鳃和肌肉中的葡萄糖含量显著升高(P<0.05),鳃、脑和心脏中的乳酸含量显著升高(P<0.05),但各组织中的乳酸脱氢酶活性变化不显著(P>0.05)。研究表明,葛氏鲈塘鳢可以短时间耐受较温和的水体完全结冰缺氧环境,通过分解肝糖原在组织中积累葡萄糖作为主要的抗冻保护剂,增强无氧糖酵解代谢来应对结冰缺氧环境。Chinese sleeper Perccottus glenii(body weight of 30.0 g±2.7 g)acclimated at water temperature of 4℃were moved to a transparent food preservation box in a refrigerator at density of 10 fish per box at icing up at a cooling rate of 1℃/h for 24-48 h to investigate tolerant ability of Chinese sleeper,and physiological and biochemical indictors were determined in the survived Chinese sleeper during pre-icing[0℃,dissolved oxygen(DO)level of 6 mg/L,group T1],icing up(24 h,-2℃,DO level of 0 mg/L,group T2)and fish recovery(4℃,DO level of 6 mg/L,1 h recovery group T3,24 h recovery,group T4,and 72 h recover,group T5)to evaluate physiological and biochemical responses of Chinese sleeper to icing and hypoxia environment.The results showed that the Chinese sleeper had survival of 100%in ice at-2℃for 24 h,and decreased to 0%at-5℃for 24 h with the ice temperature decrease.Compared to the indicators of Chinese sleeper during the pre-freezing period,liver glycogen content was decreased significantly(P<0.05),the muscle glycogen level was decreased without significant difference(P>0.05),and glucose contents in heart,brain,gill and muscle were significantly increased(P<0.05),and lactic acid content in gill,brain,heart increased significantly in the periods of freezing and fish recovery(P<0.05),without significant differences in activities of lactic dehydrogenase in various tissues(P>0.05).The findings indicate that Chinese sleeper can tolerant mild icing up completely and anoxia environment for a short time,and deal with icing up and hypoxia environment depending on glucose as major cryoprotectant by decomposing liver glycogen,and enhancing metabolism of anaerobic glycolysis.

关 键 词：葛氏鲈塘鳢 结冰 缺氧 生理生化响应 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]