多蒸发器热虹吸回路热管启动与不稳定性研究  

Startup and Instability of a Loop Thermosyphon With Multiple Evaporators

作　　者：张海南[1] 邵双全[1] 田长青[1,2] ZHANG Hai-Nan;SHAO Shuang-Quan;TIAN Chang-Qing(Key Laboratory of Cryogenics,Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry,CAS,Beijing 100190,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院低温工程学重点实验室,中国科学院理化技术研究所,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《工程热物理学报》2020年第4期792-796,共5页Journal of Engineering Thermophysics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.51706232).

摘　　要：多蒸发器热虹吸回路热管能够将自然冷能利用和低损耗冷量输配集成一体,在数据中心节能冷却领域具有独特的应用前景。本文建立了具有三蒸发器且流动可视化的热虹吸回路热管实验台,对其启动特性和运行不稳定性开展了研究,为其实际应用提供基础理论支撑。结果表明,启动过程中,在高充液率情况下沸腾倾向于率先发生在蒸发器顶部,达到稳态后,蒸发器顶部的温度更低,这是由于在蒸发器顶部气泡更大,沸腾更为剧烈。而在较小充液率下,蒸发器顶部和底部几乎同时发生沸腾,达到稳态后,顶部温度更高,这是由于充液率较小时液池在顶部发生蒸干;距离冷凝器较远的蒸发器由于连接管的流动阻力更大,启动峰值温度和稳态温度更高;对于某一蒸发器而言,加热与它并联的蒸发器后,与仅有单一蒸发器输入热量相比,温度波动的幅度有所增大而波动频率有所减小。Loop thermosiphon can combine free cooling and cooling energy distribution with low consumption,therefore it has unique application potential in energy saving of data centers.In this paper,an experimental platform for loop thermalsyphon with three evaporators is established and flow visualization is achieved.The startup and instability are investigated to provide basic theoretical support for its application.The results show that boiling occurs firstly at the top of an evaporator when the filling ratio is relatively large.After reaching steady state,the temperature at the top is lower than that of the bottom due to the larger bubble and more intense boiling;While,when the filling ratio is relatively small,boiling occurs almost synchronously at the top and the bottom.After reaching the steady state,the temperature at the top is higher due to the dry-out phenomenon at the top;The peak temperature and steady state temperature of the evaporator which is farther from the condenser is higher due to the larger flow resistance;For a certain evaporator,when the other evaporator in parallel is also heated,the amplitude of temperature fluctuation is larger and the frequency is smaller compared with only one evaporator is heated.

关 键 词：热管 热虹吸 多蒸发器 启动 不稳定性 

分 类 号：TK172[动力工程及工程热物理—热能工程] TP308[自动化与计算机技术—计算机系统结构]