《寒冬夜行人》:元小说文本阐释的博弈策略  

Game Strategy in the Text:Interpretation of Calvino’s Metafiction If on a Winter’s Night a Traveler

作　　者：潘书文[1] Pan Shuwen(School of Foreign Languages and Cultures,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,China,210097)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学外国语学院

出　　处：《当代外国文学》2020年第1期42-49,共8页Contemporary Foreign Literature

基　　金：2019年度教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目《文化符号学视域下的意大利作家卡尔维诺晶体小说研究》(19YJC752022);江苏高校优势学科建设工程三期项目(20180101)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：任何文学文本的批评几乎都无法摆脱理性分析与审美缺失的困境,似乎理性分析是揭示作品审美价值的必要手段。然而,这往往以丧失作品的审美感为代价。卡尔维诺却反转思路,通过元小说《寒冬夜行人》的创作,不仅从作家创作的视角叙述了创作过程,而且创造性地从读者阐释的视角,艺术地叙述了元小说的阐释原则,通过第二人称“你”的叙述,将作者、读者、文本有机融合在一起。他把读者“你”作为主人公写入了文本,使其兼具阅读与被阅读、自我阅读的多重身份,表现了作者、读者与主人公之间以及他们内在自我心灵的对话博弈,充分揭示了小说创作的复杂性和矛盾性,增强了文本诠释的审美性,探索出了创作理念阐释与艺术审美相融合的一条新路径。Criticism of any literary text can hardly eliminate the dilemma of rational analysis and aesthetic deficiency.It seems that rational analysis is a necessary means for revealing the aesthetic value of different literary works.However,this often comes at the cost of losing the aesthetic sense of the work.Calvino,on the other hand,reversed this process.In his metafiction If on a Winter’s Night a Traveler,he not only describes the creative process from the perspective of the writer,but also describes interpretative principles of the metafiction from the perspective of the reader.Through his second person narration,the author,the reader and the text are organically integrated.Calvino portrays the reader as the protagonist in the text,and enables the reader within the text to have multiple identities—of reading,being read and self-reading—thus representing the conversational game between author,reader and the protagonist as well as their subjectivity.Calvino’s metafiction reveals the complexity and contradiction inherent within novel creation,enhances the aesthetic nature of textual interpretation,and explores a new way to integrate literary criticism and creative writing.

关 键 词：伊塔洛·卡尔维诺 《寒冬夜行人》 安贝托·艾柯 元小说 博弈策略 

分 类 号：I546.074[文学—其他各国文学]