中国南海西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼耳石微结构及生长特性  

Statolith microstructure and growth characteristics of Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea

作　　者：陆化杰[1,2,3,4,5] 张旭 童玉和 唐悦 刘凯 刘维 陈新军[1,2,3,4,5] LU Huajie;ZHANG Xu;TONG Yuhe;TANG Yue;LIU Kai;LIU Wei;CHEN Xinjun(College of Marine Sciences,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;National Distant-water Fisheries Engineering Research Center,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Sustainable Exploitation of Oceanic Fisheries Resources,Ministry of Education,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Key Laboratory of Oceanic Fisheries Exploration,Ministry of Agricultrue and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306,China;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Oceanic Fishiery Resources,Ministry of Argriculture and Rural Affairs,Shanghai Ocean University,Shanghai 201306;Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Science,Haikou 570100,China)

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学海洋科学学院,上海201306 [2]上海海洋大学,国家远洋渔业工程技术研究中心,上海201306 [3]上海海洋大学,大洋渔业资源可持续开发教育部重点实验室,上海201306 [4]上海海洋大学,农业农村部大洋渔业开发重点实验室,上海201306 [5]上海海洋大学,农业农村部大洋渔业资源环境科学观测实验站,上海201306 [6]海南省海洋渔业科学研究院,海南海口570160

出　　处：《水产学报》2020年第5期767-776,共10页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：浙江省科学技术厅2018年度重点研发计划(2018C02026);国家自然科学基金(41506184);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD13B06);海南省省属科研院所技术开发研究专项(TV45987)。

摘　　要：耳石是头足类重要的硬组织,被广泛用于研究头足类的年龄与生长、种群结构和生活史等。根据我国灯光罩网渔船2016年1-3月和2017年1-3月在中国南海西沙群岛海域调查生产期间采集的鸢乌贼样本,测量了513枚鸢乌贼耳石外部形态参数(雌性276枚、雄性237枚),结合耳石的日轮数据,对西沙群岛海域鸢乌贼耳石的微结构及其生长特性进行了研究。主成分分析显示,耳石总长(TSL)、最大宽度(MW)、侧区长(LDL)和翼区长(WL)可以作为鸢乌贼耳石外形生长的特征参数。协方差分析表明,耳石的特征参数与日龄、与胴长的生长均不存在性别间显著性差异,TSL、MW和LDL与日龄的关系均最适合用幂函数表示,与胴长的关系则均最适合用对数函数表示。TSL、MW和LDL的绝对和瞬时相对生长率均随着日龄的增加而呈现先增加、后减少的趋势,且在181~210 d分别达到峰值,因此,181~210 d可能是鸢乌贼耳石外形生长的拐点。Statolith is one of the most important tissues of the Cephalopods which was usually used in the study of age and growth,population structure and life history and so on.Based on the 513 samples of Sthenoeuthis oualaniensis collected by Chinese falling-net fishery from January to March of 2016 and 2017 in the Xisha Islands waters of the South China Sea,the microstructure and growth characteristics of the statolith were studied.The result of principal component analysis of nine morphologic indices indicated that the total statolith length(TSL),maximum width(MW),lateral dome length(LDL)and wing length(WL)could be used to describe the length growth features of statolith of S.oualaniensis.The analysis of variance(AVOVA)indicated that there was no significant difference in the relationship between the morphologic length and the age as well as the mantle length(ML)between sexes,the relationships between all of the morphologic length(TSL,MW,LDL and WL)and age were best described by the power functions,and logarithm functions were best to describe the relationship between morphologic length and ML by the Akaike’s information criterion(AIC).Both the absolute growth rate(AGR)and instantaneous relative growth rate(IRGR)of all morphologic length except WL tended to be high at young stages,and then decreased with the age increasing until the age from 180 to 210 d,and then decreased after the age of 210 d.It seemed that the age 180-210 d was the growth inflection point of the statolith of S.oualaniensis.

关 键 词：鸢乌贼 耳石微结构 耳石生长 生长率 西沙群岛海域 中国南海 

分 类 号：S931[农业科学—渔业资源]